Poor environmental performance of the manufacturing activities is said to be attributed to the pollutants produced and emitted during the manufacturing process. These pollutants are regarded as undesirable output and cannot be ignored when measuring the efficiency of manufacturing activities. By applying Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) and Directional Distance Function (DDF) approaches, this st...

Hazardous organic and metallic residues or by-products can enter into plants, soils, and sediments from processes associated with domestic, municipal, agricultural, industrial, and military activities. Handling, ingestion, application to land or other distributions of the contaminated materials into the environment might render harm to humans, livestock, wildlife, crops, or native plants. Consi...

In this paper we investigate the relationship between economic growth and industrial pollution emissions in China using data for 112 major cities between 2001 and 2004. Using disaggregated data we separate FDI inflows from Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan from those of other foreign economies. We examine four industrial water pollution indicators (wastewater, chemical oxygen demand, hexavalent chrom...

the research used the satellite image (landsat 7 etm ) within the thermal infrared sixth band (tir6) and geographic information system (gis) to determine the air pollution and its relationship with the land cover (lc) and land use (lu) of baghdad city. concentration of total suspended particles (tsp), lead (pb), carbon oxides (co, co2), and sulphur dioxide (so2) were obtained from 22 ground mea...

Clean fresh water is essential to our life. Unfortunately, in our consumer-based economy, a large amounts of wastewater having been generated by industrial plants. Wastewaters produced in many industrial plants often contain organic compounds which are toxic and not amenable to direct biological treatment. These wastewaters must be treated in order to meet the specifications for discharge or fo...

Human health is closely related with the quality of drinking water. Various chemical pollutants in the drinking water can cause great risk to human health. Shizuishan city is an important coal-based industrial city where residents mainly rely on groundwater. In order to protect the safety of water supply, based on the sample survey, health risk assessment model recommended by the Unites States ...

Food consumption is an important route of human exposure to pesticides and industrial pollutants. Average dietary exposures to 37 pollutants were calculated for the whole United States population and for children under age 12 years by combining contaminant data with food consumption data and summing across food types. Pollutant exposures were compared to benchmark concentrations, which are base...

Industrial activities have also long contributed harmful pollutants to the air, waterways and land, but for years few were concerned. Specific incidents began to raise concern among the populace, such as the 1952 London smog blamed for the death of 12,000 citizens, but they were generally considered aberrations. During the 1960s, a number of industrial accidents and widely publicized pollution ...

Industrial air pollution is of major concern to upcoming Indian cities like Trivandrum and Pune in terms of industrialization and urbanization. Even the urban population is exposed to ambient air pollutants; on the other hand the sub-rurals contribute to the cigarette smoke and kitchen cooking fuels. A quantitative analysis on the mean concentration of SO2, NOX, and SPM in four different indust...

Carbon dioxide can be used in its liquid (near critical) or supercritical fluid state as a replacement for conventional cleaning solvents, reducing the pollution associated with the operations that would otherwise require significant amounts of volatile organic compounds, ozone depleting substances, or hazardous air pollutants. The results of several near critical/supercritical parts cleaning a...