chicken infectious anaemia is a viral disease in young chickens which characterized by aplastic anaemia and immunosuppression. between january 2004 and july 2005, an unusual hemorrhage in subcutaneous and intramuscular tissues of broiler chickens at slaughter houses of mashhad, isfahan and tehran provinces were occurred. postmortem examination revealed severe hemorrhages in the wings and muscle...

avibacterium paragallinarum is gram-negative bacteria that cause infectious coryza (ic), an acute respiratory disease of chickens. despite vaccination of layer and breeder farms of iran against ic, they are still experiencing the disease clinically and there is no knowledge of serotypes prevalence of this bacterium in this country. this study designed to determine serovar identity by molecular ...

background: clinical education with patient-focused learning is very important in medical education. therefore, it is very essential to select an appropriate education method. the current study was conducted to analyze the impact of simultaneous presentation of medical stager and inter in seminars provided with a pre-organizer strategy and from the students' perspective (2012-2013).  metho...