Human coronaviruses (HCoVs) are considered one of the most common respiratory viruses associated with respiratory tract illnesses. An emergent human coronavirus was identified as the causal agent of an epidemic of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) during 2002-2003. The severity of the disease combined with its rapid spread requires the continuous surveillance of coronaviruses in worldwid...

Measles, or rubeola, is a highly infectious, acute viral illness of childhood that is considered eliminated in the USA but has reemerged in the past few years. Globally, an estimated 20 million cases of measles continue to occur, and it remains a leading cause of death among young children. It is rare in the USA and other first world countries, but numerous outbreaks have occurred in the USA re...

Over 1,300 children were studied in an analysis of factors that might affect pharyngeal colonization with Haemophilus influenzae type b. Our semiquantitative methods for the culture of H. influenzae type b, consisting of inoculation of 0.001 ml of throat swab fluid on antiserum agar plates and division of the results into three grades of intensity, showed agreement as to intensity of colonizati...

A molecular technique based on the restriction fragment length polymorphism of the 16S ribosomal genes amplified by a polymerase chain reaction (PCR), referred to as amplified 16S ribosomal DNA restriction analysis (ARDRA), was designed to identify 19 Avibacterium paragallinarum strains isolated from infraorbital sinus and nasal turbinate bone samples of broiler chickens, breeders, and laying h...

Minute coccobacilliform bodies have regularly been found in the nasal exudate of fowl infected both by injection and by contact with the coryza of slow onset. These bodies are commonly less than 0.5micro in diameter and are predominantly extracellular. They have consistently failed to grow in artificial media. They are held back by Berkefeld V filters which are impermeable to Hemophilus gallina...

The object of the following s tudy is twofold: to determine the presence of influenza-like bacilli in the throat and bronchial mucus of children with and without pulmonary inflammations, and to arrive at a differentiation of these bacilli by means of cultural characters and agglutination reactions. The material was chosen with a view to including as many different pulmonary conditions as possib...

OBJECTIVES To determine the efficacy of oral salbutamol for providing symptomatic relief in mild bronchiolitis. DESIGN Randomized double-blind placebo controlled trial. SETTING Pediatric Outpatient Department of a tertiary care hospital. SUBJECTS 140 infants (of 310 approached) with a clinical diagnosis of acute bronchiolitis with respiratory rate <or= 70 breath/min, heart rate <or= 200 b...

OBJECTIVE To assess the utility of clinical features for diagnosis of streptococcal pharyngotonsillitis in pediatrics. METHODS A total of 335 children aged 1-18 years old and presenting clinical manifestations of acute pharyngotonsillitis (APT) were subjected to clinical interviews, physical examinations, and throat swab specimen collection to perform cultures and latex particle agglutination...