BACKGROUND AND AIM In Congenital Heart Disease (CHD), shunting of blood occurs through the anatomical defects which lead to mixing of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood. Chronic hypoxia which occurs due to the above said mechanism has the potency to cause DNA damage in children with CHD. In chronic hypoxia, there is a liberation of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) due to tissue injury as a result o...

conclusions we explain embryologic origin, differential diagnosis, other associated anomalies and its treatment by reviewing literature. introduction midline cleft of mandible, classified as tessier 30 clefts is extremely rare, with less than 100 reported cases in the latest studies. variations in severity and associated malformations have been reported before. case presentation in this report,...

OBJECTIVE Noonan syndrome is a clinically homogeneous but genetically heterogeneous condition. Type 1 Noonan syndrome is defined by the presence of a mutation in the PTPN11 gene, which is found in approximately 40% of the cases. Phenotype descriptions and cardiac defects from cohorts with Noonan syndrome were delineated in the "pregenomic era." We report the heart defects and links to gene dysf...

BACKGROUND Congenital heart defects may be environmentally related, but the association with elevated ambient temperature has received little attention. OBJECTIVES We studied the relationship between outdoor heat during the first trimester of pregnancy and risk of congenital heart defects. METHODS We carried out a retrospective cohort study of 704,209 fetuses between 2 and 8 weeks postconce...

OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of the prenatal diagnosis of left isomerism and to assess possible diagnostic and prognostic markers. METHODS We conducted a retrospective review of all previously unpublished cases of left isomerism diagnosed in the prenatal and postnatal periods in 2 tertiary referral centers in Germany over 15 years. RESULTS Among 34 fetuse...

BACKGROUND Documenting the prevalence and trends of congenital heart defects provides useful data for pediatric practice, health-care planning, and causal research. Yet, most population-based studies use data from the 1970s and 1980s. We sought to extend into more recent years the study of temporal and racial variations of heart defects occurrence in a well-defined population. METHODS We used...

Background: Scimitar syndrome (SS) or congenital pulmonary venolobar syndrome is a rare anomaly, most commonly including partial pulmonary venous drainage into the inferior vena cava, right lung hypoplasia, dextroposition of the heart, and anomalous systemic arterial supply from aorta or one of its branches to the right lung. Case report: A 10-day-old female infant was referred to our hospital...

The presence of septal defects in congenital heart disease makes for a direct shunting of particulate matter from the venous to the arterial side of the circulation. In revieswing the literature we have been surprised to find that this phenomenon, with resultant brain abscess, has been second only to bacterial endocarditis as a septic cause of death. The subject deserves attention from the view...

Atrial septal defect (ASD) is the most common type of common congenital heart disease (CHD) in adults. During the last decade, there has been a remarkable change in the treatment strategy of ASD, shifting the therapeutic gold standard from surgery to transcatheter closure, along with refinements and the evolution of device technology. Reports on the outcome of transcatheter ASD closure have sho...

Femoral venous route is routinely used for percutaneous closure of atrial septal defects (ASDs). However, a situation may arise where transfemoral approach is not feasible. We describe a successful transjugular closure of a moderate-sized ASD in a 49-year-old symptomatic man with interrupted inferior vena cava, using a novel deployment technique, which helped in overcoming difficulties such as ...