many countries are turning their attention to the use of explicit financial incentives to drive desired improvements in healthcare performance. however, we have only a weak evidence-base to inform policy in this area. the research challenge is to generate robust evidence on what financial incentives work, under what circumstances, for whom and with what intended and unintended consequences.

BACKGROUND Residents of many cities lack affordable, quality housing. Economically disadvantaged neighborhoods often have high rates of poverty and crime, few institutions that enhance the quality of its residents' lives, and unsafe environments for walking and other physical activity. Deteriorating housing contributes to asthma-related illness. We describe the redevelopment of High Point, a We...

Abstract Under the scheme of Japanese City Renewal Law (JCRL), the cost of urban redevelopment project has been financed by the revenue from selling the reservation floor secured beforehand in the redeveloped building. Since the outcome of whether or not the reservation floor can be sold is unforeseeable, entities for redevelopment are faced with the risk for project financing. Traditional risk...

Reinforced concrete frame buildings with Open Ground Story (OGS) are one of the most common building configurations in urban habitat. These configurations are known to be vulnerable to seismic excitations, primarily due to the sudden loss in strength in the ground story and differential stiffness distribution throughout the structure. The differential stiffness distribution is attributed primar...

This study examines policies and practices related to the conservation of historic districts in China, where urban conservation has become a significant concern and pressing issue in the present era of economic reform and urban redevelopment. In addition to illustrating the evolution of approaches to historic district conservation, the study reveals some of the social and political problems tha...

More than one quarter of buildings in the Republic Korea (RoK) are aged, approaching end their projected lifetimes, and require renovation. Aged RoK generally demolished, new with higher gross floor areas realized on same properties. That kind redevelopment is associated increased resource consumption, related greenhouse gas emissions, other environmental impacts, as well generation constructio...

Property asset management is keenly influenced by the market rental price for the services and asset quality. Renovation is conceived as a form of redevelopment that returns the property back to its pristine state after experiencing quality deterioration. We formulate a two-factor renovation model under rental price and quality uncertainty and a fixed investment cost. The renovation policy is d...

Abstract Among the three pillars of sustainability, social sustainability has received least attention, especially among studies addressing sustainable housing development in Dubai’s urban neighborhoods. Unfortunately, these neighborhoods are not showing enough vibrancy their public spaces and amenities which seemingly undermined sustainability. The lack a comprehensive tool that can assess int...

The transport of 3H+ (as HTO) and 36Cl- (as Na36Cl) was investigated in the dynamic system, i.e., in the columns filled with crushed pure granite and fracture infill of various grain sizes. The aim of column experiments was to determine important transport parameter, such as the retardation, respectively distribution coefficients, Peclet numbers and hydrodynamic dispersion coefficients. Further...