The Tax Increment Financing (TIF) method has achieved widespread popularity as a funding source to finance local infrastructure investments and improvements. However, little research has been conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of such programs. This study undertakes a regression analysis to examine the effects of the municipal adoption of TIF programs on local economic development. The emp...

the objective of this study is to model and estimate the effect of financial services in the agricultural sector of iran on the value added of this sector. moreover, since as of 1984, the interest free banking law was implemented, the effect of this change on the value added of the sector will be studied as the second objective. the model of the study consists of three tions. the volume of real...

The electric vehicle charging infrastructure is in the initial development period in China, where there is an imbalanced supply and demand structure, an increasingly mature institutional environment, and an imperfect support system. The infrastructure is important for supplying energy to electric vehicles, and it needs to be provided in a reasonable manner with a moderately advanced layout. Due...

UN-Habitat suggests that one in every three people in the world will live in “slums” within 30 years. This paper analyses innovations in shelter finance that may help to avoid this situation. The urban poor, both as individual households and in terms of their organized collective capacity, face two very serious constraints. The first is their income poverty and their limited ability to invest i...

This paper establishes a framework for considering the use of private finance in the development of transport infrastructure and applies it to examples drawn from United Kingdom experiences. The framework highlights the key issues of risk (and especially risk transference) and transactions costs in determining the effectiveness of different private finance options. The examples used range from ...

Geerts and McCarthy [5, 6] established the REA business ontology. In its accounting and policy infrastructure the informational and procedural elements which are needed for accounting and management purposes are specified. An investigation of the requirements in the disciplines of accounting, finance and management control shows that the ontology is not complete. By including the concepts of ac...

The Government of Tanzania (GoT) has proposed the construction of feeder roads, market centers and storage facilities to improve farmers’ access to markets and increase share of value added of smalland medium-scale producers which will ultimately enhance food security and improve the socio-economic welfare of the farmers and smalland mediumscale producers through increase in household income. T...

In many African countries a market for private provision of formal sector mass housing is largely absent. This is not inevitable, but is the consequence of policy failure surrounding five key issues. The affordability of housing, with costs often inflated by inappropriate building regulations and inefficient construction sectors; lack of clarity in land titling and legal enforcement; lack of in...

Relations between the US and China have deteriorated to their lowest point since rapprochement in 1970s. To make sense of contemporary geopolitics, our objective this article is two-fold. First, we historically situate US-China rivalry conceptualise Second Cold War (SCW). We argue that wake 2008 financial crisis, both launched ‘restorative’ political projects harked back imagined pasts. These a...