Roman Empire is renowned for sharp logical design and outstanding building quality of its road system. Many roads built by Romans are still use in continental Europe and UK. The Roman roads were built for military transportations with efficiency in mind, as straight as possible. Thus the roads make an ideal test-bed for developing experimental laboratory techniques for evaluating man-made trans...

Two decades of operating experience have shown that reducing the corner radius from 12–16 mm to 3 or 4 mm A finite element thermal stress model to compute is beneficial in reducing longitudinal corner cracking.4 In the thermomechanical state of the solidifying shell addition to lessening crack frequency, decreasing the corner during continuous casting of steel in a square billet radius also ten...

Medical device product development includes the validation of end-product before mass production can commence. This should be completed with a that is manufactured from final material and manufacturing process. For plastic medical devices, Rapid Tooling used to manufacture parts for clinical validations at cost-effective price. Further tooling cost reductions achieved if Stereolithography (SLA)...

Traditional environmental mould analysis is based on microscopic observations and counting of mould structures collected from the air on a sticky surface or culturing of moulds on growth media for identification and quantification. These approaches have significant limitations. A DNA-based method of mould analysis called mould specific quantitative PCR (MSQPCR) was created for more than 100 mou...

Solar energy is becoming more popular as it a clean source of electricity. The design photovoltaic (PV) cells has therefore captivated experts worldwide. two key issues are the lack an excellent model to define solar and data regarding PV cells. This scenario even impacts module performance (panels). behavior described by current versus voltage. Considering these values, challenge entails solvi...