Since a large part of Iran is located in hot-dry climate, also the maximum amount of radiation absorbed is done from the roof in low-lying buildings among other facades in summer. And also the maximum area of the outer shell of the building is dedicated to the ceiling. Further, the most energy consumption is devoted to the building, and there is high cost of cooling  in the summer in Iran. Henc...

Esoterism (or dealing with inward aspect of things) with regard to the unity of existence and centralizing God can be considered as the main basis of Mowlavi’s world-view. Explaining esoterism in three dimensions of being the origin, the content and the end, we try to deal with the figurative-ness of the world of form and its characteristics such as limitation, plurality, unreality, destruction...

testing plays a vital role in any language teaching program. it allows teachers and stakeholders, including program administrators, parents, admissions officers and prospective employers to be assured that the learners are progressing according to an accepted standard (douglas, 2010). the problems currently facing language testers have both practical and theoretical implications but the first i...

Abstract The class A pan method has been one of the most popular methods due to its simplicity, relatively low cost, and producing daily evapotranspiration estimates. Because of the large area occupied by a class A pan, alternative methods have been sought to estimate ETo inside greenhouses. With the objective of evaluating the performance of evaporation pan in estimating the water consumption...

1. to determine whether difference in birth body mass influenced growth performance in pipistrellus kuhlii we studied a total of 12 captive-born neonates. bats were assigned to two body mass groups: light birth body mass (lbw: 0.89 ± 0.05, n=8) and heavy birth body mass (hbw: 1.35 ± 0.08, n=4). heavier body mass at birth was associated with rapid postnatal growth (body mass and forearm length) ...

the ability to speak two languages in the world is a remarkable achievement. there is a good reason to believe that bilingualism is the norm for the majority of people in the world because 70% of the earth’s population are supposed to be bilingual or multilingual. various investigations have shown that the native language impacts foreign word recognition, and this influence is adapted by the de...

1.1 introduction “i see translation as the attempt to produce a text so transparent that it does not seem to be translated. a good translation is like a pane of glass. you only notice that it’s there when there are little imperfections- scratches, bubbles. ideally, there shouldn’t be any. it should never call attention to itself.” “norman shapiro” (venuti, 1995:1) edward fitzgerald is the br...