A 40-item English version questionnaire to assess knowledge on osteoporosis was developed. It was reviewed by a panel of health professional and tested on pharmacists and osteoporosis patients. The internal consistency (Cronbach’s α=0.82) and test-retest reliability of the instrument was good. Flesch reading ease was 57 (satisfactory), mean difficulty factor was 0.73 (moderately easy). The diff...

The EPC-9 patch-clamp amplifier is a digitally controlled analog device for recording currents in membrane patches and in small cells. It has neither front-panel controls nor internal trim adjustments; instead all gain, range-changing, transient cancellation, calibration and other functions are computer controlled. Novel aspects of the circuit design of this instrument are discussed, with speci...

From the benign annoyance of a reflection off your car’s instrument panel window to the image-destroying reflections off of multiple optical components in a microscope, unwanted reflections plague our lives. Minimizing reflections has become a multimillion dollar industry. Scientific instruments with several optical components, such as modern confocal microscopes and, more commonly, television ...

PURPOSE This study aimed to develop and validate an instrument to measure patient perception of quality of nursing care and related hospital services in a tertiary care setting. METHODS We compiled an instrument with 72 items that patients may perceive as quality of nursing care and related hospital services, following an extensive literature search, discussions with patients and care pro-I v...

Public health interventions are greatly needed for obesity prevention, and planning for such strategies should include community participation. The study's purpose was to develop and validate a theory-based instrument with low-income, Hispanic mothers of preschoolers, to assess theory-based determinants of maternal monitoring of child's consumption of fruits and vegetables and sugar-sweetened b...

OBJECTIVE Refine instrument for auditing hospital-based child abuse and neglect violence intervention programmes prior to field-testing. DESIGN A modified Delphi study to identify and rate items and domains indicative of an effective and quality child abuse and neglect intervention programme. Experts participated in four Delphi rounds: two surveys, a one-day workshop and the opportunity to co...

OBJECTIVE To provide the basis for collecting rugby union injury data using a rigorously validated injury report form. METHODS Seven stages were used to assess face, content, and criterion validity of the rugby union injury report form. A 22 member panel plus four sporting bodies assessed the form for face validity, and an expert panel assessed it for content and criterion validity. Panel mem...

OBJECTIVES To develop, validate, and test the reliability of an audit instrument that measures the extent to which patient records describe important aspects of nursing care. MATERIAL Twenty records from each of three hospital wards were collected and audited. The auditors were registered nurses with a knowledge of nursing documentation in accordance with the VIPS model--a model designed to s...

After compensation, the measurement errors arising from multiple fluorescences spilling into each detector become evident by the spreading of nominally negative distributions. Depending on the instrument configuration and performance, and reagents used, this "spillover spreading" (SS) affects sensitivity in any given parameter. The degree of SS had been predicted theoretically to increase with ...