Brief Summary: This study analyzed gene expression in subcutaneous adipose tissue samples of adults with obesity collected before and after the hyperinsulinemic–euglycemic clamp or control saline infusion. They demonstrate that insulin regulates clock genes both murine human adipocytes adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs).

Spontaneously hypertensive rats have reduced peripheral insulin sensitivity. To determine whether hypertensive rats demonstrate reduced response to the antinatriuretic effect of insulin, urinary sodium excretion was determined in hypertensive and normotensive rats (n=7 per group) before and during euglycemic insulin administration at two infusion rates (21 milliunits/kg load and 4 milliunits/kg...

Abstract— A discrete insulin infusion based on long-time interval measurement is the classic technique for diabetes treatment. Nevertheless, in this research, a closed-loop control system was proposed for continuous drug infusion to overcome the drawbacks of these typical discrete methods and develop more practical diabetes therapy systems. A blood glucose-insulin system was implemented relying...

During late gestation, amino acids and insulin promote skeletal muscle protein synthesis. However, the independent effects of amino acids and insulin on the regulation of mRNA translation initiation in the fetus are relatively unknown. The purpose of this study was to determine whether acute amino acid infusion in the late-gestation ovine fetus, with and without a simultaneous increase in fetal...

Euglycemic hyperinsulinemia evokes both sympathetic activation and vasodilation in skeletal muscle, but the mechanism remains unknown. To determine whether insulin per se or insulin-induced stimulation of carbohydrate metabolism is the main excitatory stimulus, we performed, in six healthy lean subjects, simultaneous microneurographic recordings of muscle sympathetic nerve activity, plethysmogr...

The present studies were undertaken to assess the relative effects of free fatty acid (FFA) availability, glucagon excess, and insulin deficiency on ketone body (KB) production in man. To determine whether an increase in FFA availability would augment KB production in the absence of insulin deficiency and glucagon excess, plasma insulin and glucagon were maintained at basal concentrations by in...

Elevation of plasma lactate levels induces peripheral insulin resistance, but the underlying mechanisms are unclear. We examined whether lactate infusion in rats suppresses glycolysis preceding insulin resistance and whether lactate-induced insulin resistance is accompanied by altered insulin signaling and/or insulin-stimulated glucose transport in skeletal muscle. Hyperinsulinemic euglycemic c...

BACKGROUND Glucose control is an important issue in post-operative patients. The objective here was to compare two insulin infusion lines by syringe pumps to assess the impact of medical devices on glycaemic variability in surgical patients under intensive insulin therapy. This open, prospective, single-centre randomised study was conducted in a fifteen-bed perioperative high dependency unit (H...

Introduction: Restoring and maintaining normoglycemia by intensified insulin therapy in critically ill patients is a matter of ongoing debate since the risk of hypoglycemia may outweigh positive effects on morbidity and mortality. In this context, adsorption of insulin to different catheter materials may contribute to instability of glucose control. We studied the adsorption of insulin to diffe...