PURPOSE Müller cells are consistently identified in diabetic fibrocontractive ocular tissues and, in response to insulin-like growth factor I, generate tractional forces of the type that cause retinal detachment. Recent studies suggest that diabetes-associated increases in vitreous insulin-like growth factor activity cannot be attributed to simple increases in concentration alone, suggesting th...

conclusions this case highlights the fact that fhr and ghd may coexist, with possible masking effect of one on the other, thereby misleading the approach, posing large impacts on therapy, which has historically been a difficult challenge in fhr patients. introduction coincided familial hypophosphatemic rickets (fhr) and hypopituitarism is a rare condition. growth hormone deficiency (ghd) evalua...

Robertson, J. Gray, David A. Belford, and F. John Ballard. Clearance of IGFs and insulin from wounds: effect of IGF-binding protein interactions. Am. J. Physiol. 276 (Endocrinol. Metab. 39): E663–E671, 1999.—We have examined the role binding proteins have in regulating the clearance of exogenous growth factors from wounds. Hunt-Schilling chambers were subcutaneously implanted in rats, and the c...

Insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-II is known to induce hypertrophy of isolated adult rat ventricular cardiomyocytes cultured in the absence of serum. However, it is not known how the growth factor exerts this hypertrophic effect. We show here that IGF-II induces hypertrophy of the cultured cardiomyocytes via two alternative pathways: (1) an IGF-I receptor-dependent pathway, or (2) a lysosome-de...

Insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) is a useful therapeutic agent in insulin resistant diabetes mellitus due to insulin receptor disease because of its hypoglycaemic effects through the IGF-I receptor. A girl with typical type A insulin resistant syndrome was treated with IGF-I for two years and the treatment was effective in ameliorating hyperglycaemia. Overproduction of testosterone in polyc...

The insulin-like growth factor (IGF) system influences oligodendrocyte survival, myelination, and immune functions. We examined whether alterations in the circulating IGF system occur in multiple sclerosis (MS), a chronic inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system. We measured concentrations of IGF-I, IGF-II, and insulin-like growth factor binding proteins -1, -2, and -3 i...

• Blood growth hormone (GH) concentrations increase shortly after calving. • Greater blood GH coordinates nutrient partitioning; the process through which nutrients are preferentially targeted for milk production. Blood insulin and insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I remain low when blood GH concentrations increase. • Blood GH concentrations are elevated in cows in negative energy balance. Blood...

The mechanisms by which insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) and insulin regulate eukaryotic initiation factor (eIF)4F formation were examined in the ovine fetus. Insulin infusion increased phosphorylation of eIF4E-binding protein (4E-BP1) in muscle and liver. IGF-I infusion did not alter 4E-BP1 phosphorylation in liver. In muscle, IGF-I increased 4E-BP1 phosphorylation by 27%; the percentage i...

Short stature is a characteristic feature of pycnodysostosis. We report defective growth hormone secretion in response to provocation and low insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) concentration in five out of six patients with pycnodysostosis. Physiological replacement with growth hormone increased IGF-I concentration and improved linear growth in these children.

This study addresses how growth during sensitive developmental periods and genes may affect hormone levels in late adolescence. We analyzed hormone levels of dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS) and insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I), which are hypothesized to be two pathways linking early growth with adult diseases (such as type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease) via their effects on e...