the purpose of this study is to evaluate greenhouse owners’ knowledge regarding integrated pest management (ipm) in the production of greenhouse cucumber in khorasan razavi province.the survey research was a descriptive – correlational one. the study consisted of all farmers who cultivated greenhouse cucumber in khorasan razavi province (n=160), of whom 108 were selected through a random sampli...

BACKGROUND Researcher-stakeholder collaboration has been identified as critical to bridging research and health system change. While collaboration models vary, meaningful stakeholder involvement over time ("integrated knowledge translation") is advocated to improve the relevance of research to knowledge users. This short report describes the integrated knowledge translation efforts of Connectio...

While the need for policy decisions to be based on sound evidence has widely been acknowledged, the relationship between researchers and decision makers remains, in many circumstances, characterized by mutual tensions and misunderstandings. The idea of two distinct communities, which Nathan Caplan coined in 1979 to describe the gap between these two groups of actors, is indeed still being used ...

in this commentary, the idea of closing the gap between knowing and doing through closing the gap between academics and practitioners is explored. the two communities approach to knowledge production and use, has predominated within healthcare, resulting in a separation between the worlds of research and practice, and, therefore, between its producers and users. meaningful collaborations betwee...

an earlier overview of systematic reviews and a subsequent editorial on single-component versus multifaceted interventions to promote knowledge translation (kt) highlight complex issues in implementation science. in this supplemented commentary, further aspects are in focus; we propose examples from (kt) studies probing the issue of single interventions. a main point is that defining what is a ...

along with the global fervor over evidence based medicine (ebm), certain measures have been taken in iran too. many educational workshops and national and international seminars have been held. multiple educational packages have been prepared and even included in the educational curriculum. in recent years, policies have been directed toward encouraging clinical guidelines, health technology as...