In the present commentary, the theoretical construct of Multidimensional Health Locus of Control (MHLC) is described and evaluated in terms of its contributions to health psychology. This concept is compared to other control beliefs, in particular to perceived self-efficacy. It is argued that MHLC has supplied health psychology with essential insights and has offered a great deal of intellectua...

BACKGROUND Depression appears to be more enduring amongst people with intellectual disabilities, suggesting that it is a more chronic problem or more poorly managed in this population. This is not helped by a lack of evidence about the effectiveness of psychological therapies for people who have intellectual disabilities and depression. Behavioural activation, which aims to counteract depressio...

This article investigates the implications of the Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS), which reached full-fledged implementation in 2005, for the patenting activity of Indian biopharmaceutical companies. The Indian biopharmaceutical industry is well-known for its generic producers, whose business models capitalize on the opportunity to reverse-engineer pat...

This study examined the effect of transformational leadership on readiness for change in commercial banks Mombasa County, Kenya. The employed correlational, cross-sectional survey design. target population was 98 branch managers charge branches 39 Primary data collected using a structured questionnaire. Statistical Package Social Sciences (SPSS) version 26 processing tool. Descriptive statistic...

We begin this article by examining the role of intellectual disabilities within child psychiatry, highlighting the relatively steady role of disabilities and the recent movement to examine behavior in specific genetic syndromes. We next propose five questions for future work. Questions relate to (1) specifying the nature of gene-brain-behavior connections; (2) delineating environmental effects ...

BACKGROUND For many years, and especially since Waynbaum and Wallon, psychology and psychopathology have dealt with cognitive perception, but have had little to do with the affective qualities of perception. Our aim was to study the influence of the sensory environment on people with autism. METHOD Several experiments were carried out using different forms of tactile stimulation (passive and ...

Self-injurious behavior is commonly observed among persons with intellectual disabilities. However, a second parallel use of this term is used in the general mental health field for self-mutilation. The authors describe these two disorders and how they differ. Characteristics of what we refer to as repetitive self-injurious behavior among persons with intellectual disabilities and risk factors ...

administration of apomorphine and amphetamine induces climbing behavior in mice due to stimulation of brain dopamine receptors. in the present study, the effects of adrenoceptor agonists and antagonists on amphetamine-induced climbing have been investigated. intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of different doses of amphetamine (2,4 and 8 mglkg) induced climbing in mice (p

Patients with Williams-Beuren Syndrome can be recognized clinically, given the characteristic dysmorphism, intellectual disability, and behavior. We report on a Congolese boy with typical WBS facial characteristics. He suffered meningitis and coma at the age of 2 years then subsequently presented with profound intellectual disability and atypical behavior. The WBS was only made at age 8.2 years...

Providing effective behavioral supports to decrease challenging behavior and replace it with appropriate alternative skills is essential to meeting the needs of many individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD). It is also necessary for fulfilling the requirements of Medicaid-funded individual support plans and is important for moral, ethical, and societal reasons. Unfortu...