Interactions between species can vary from mutually beneficial to evolutionarily neutral to antagonistic, even when the same two species are involved. Similarly, social interactions between members of the same species can lie on a spectrum from conflict to cooperation.The aim of the present study was to investigate whether variation in the two types of social behaviour are interconnected. Is th...

OBJECTIVES To identify measurements that may help intra-operative localisation of the sphenopalatine foramen. DESIGN The study used three-dimensional surgical navigation software to study radiological anatomy, in order to define the distances and angulations between identifiable bony landmarks and the sphenopalatine foramen. RESULTS The distance from the anterior nasal spine to the sphenopa...

Objective: An experiment was conducted at Wondo Genet Agricultural Research Center in the production season of 2013/14 and 2014/15 with the objective of identifying the best combination of intra and inter-row spacing for optimum plant population density of stevia. Methods: The experiment was conducted using five intra-row spacing (20cm, 25cm, 30cm, 35cm, and 40...

background: bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (bap) is synthesized by the osteoblasts and is presumed to be involved in the calcification of bone matrix, though its precise role in the formation process is unknown. the aim of the present study was to measure the bap activity in paget's and normal specimens by two different techniques. methods: total alp (tap) as well as bap activity-measu...

Objectives: The main purpose of this research was to study and contribute to an accurate test of spastic limb. The intra, inter rater reliability of the test was examined. Methods: The present study was carried out in two parts In the first part of the study, the modified Ashworth Scale with Intermediate Scores (ASIS) was studied. During the second part of the study the intra, inter rater re...