Background: Several studies in interlanguage pragmatics have reported Russian directive speech acts to take a particular position within the dimensions of linguistic politeness and (in)directness, when compared some Germanic Romance languages extensively studied this framework.Purpose study: The present paper aimed investigate role language specific cues requests by examining their perception n...

Microbial decomposition of organic matter is an essential process in the global carbon cycle. The soil bacteria Pseudopedobacter saltans and Flavobacterium johnsoniae are both able to degrade complex organic molecules, but it is not fully known how their membrane structures are adapted to their environmental niche. The membrane lipids of these species were extracted and analyzed using high perf...

The role of implicit and explicit negative feedback in language acquisition has been of major concern, especially in Second Language Acquisition (SLA). Research in SLA has demonstrated that implicit negative feedback such as recast and implicit expansion are potential triggers of language development and learning. Data from two experiments, using a pretest-posttest experimental control design, ...

The hepatic excretion of hydrophilic conjugates, end products of phase II metabolism, is not completely understood. In the present studies, transport mechanism(s) responsible for the biliary excretion of 4-methylumbelliferyl glucuronide (4MUG) and 4-methylumbelliferyl sulfate (4MUS) were studied. Isolated perfused livers (IPLs) from Mrp2-deficient (TR(-)) Wistar rats were used to examine the ro...

I present a game-theoretical multi-agent system to simulate the evolutionary process responsible for the pragmatic phenomenon division of pragmatic labour (DOPL), a linguistic convention emerging from evolutionary forces. Each agent is positioned on a toroid lattice and communicates via signaling games, where the choice of an interlocutor depends on the Manhattan distance between them. In this ...

purpose: this study explores the use of and the role of learning strategies in the educational success of iranian undergraduate medical students using an inventory of learning and study strategies. material & method: 412 students in the first to third year of study were selected randomly. a questionnaire based on the lassi questionnaire (developed by weinstein et al which included ten areas of ...

the aim of this study was to describe and find out motivational english language learning strategies through computers among iranian efl learners and find out how learners’ motivations change towards english language learning through computers.the mixed method approach (quantitative and qualitative) was employed in this study. a total of 84 (out of 130) female freshman university learners from ...