Spleen cell populations depleted of both B and T lymphocytes produce interleukin 4 (IL-4) in response to stimulation with immunoglobulins bound to the surface of culture dishes. In the presence of interleukin 3 (IL-3), plate-bound (PB) IgE and PB-IgG1, IgG2a, and IgG2b are excellent stimulants, whereas PB-IgA and PB-IgM fail to stimulate IL-4 production. In the absence of IL-3, PB-IgE stimulate...

Background: Interleukin-17 (IL-17), as a potent proinflammatory cytokine, has a critical role in post liver transplant outcomes. However, there is not much information about the effects of IL-17 cytokine on acute liver rejection. Objective: To evaluate the role of IL-17 in post-liver transplant acute rejection. Methods: Ninety seven adult liver transplant patients who enrolled in this cross sec...

Background: Acute ischemic stroke (AIS) is closely related to the level of inflammatory factors. This study aimed explore correlation between interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-8 (IL-8), and modified early warning score (MEWS) AIS patients their condition prognosis.

objective(s) using herbal medicines as a complementary treatment method is increasing in wide variety of diseases. ms14-an herbal-marine preparation-is reported to have anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory activities; however, the mechanism underlying its therapeutic effect is not known. macrophages play an important role in host defense mechanisms and carry out their role by producing variou...

Perfluorotributylamine/Pluronic F68 Stem-Emulsion (FC43se), which is a blood substitute, was assessed for its effectiveness on disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) in the rat model. Rats were infused intravenously with 2.5 mg/kg of Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (Escherichia coli 055:B5 lipopolysaccharide B) for four hours. At the same time, FC43se or normal physiological saline wa...

The immunosuppressive drug rapamycin suppresses T-cell activation by impairing the T-cell response to lymphokines such as interleukin-2 (IL-2) and interleukin-4 (IL-4). In addition, rapamycin blocks the proliferative response of cell lines to a variety of hematopoietic growth factors, including interleukin-3 (IL-3), interleukin-6 (IL-6), granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF), granulocyt...

background : the current study was designed to evaluate immune responses induced by dna vaccines encoding 8-kda subunit of antigen b (hydi) of echinococcus granulosus and murine interleukin 12 (il-12) as genetic adjuvants in balb/c mice. methods : expression plasmid pcdna3.1 containing hydi (pchyd1) as vaccine along with the murine interleukin 12 (pcmil12) as adjuvant were used. thirty-five mic...

Introduction One of the factors influencing symptoms schizophrenia, which may indicate changes in cognitive functioning patients, is fluctuating level inflammatory cytokines. Objectives The aim review was to analyze available literature on importance selected [interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-8 (IL-8), interleukin-10 (IL-10), tumor necrosis α (TNF-α)] schizophrenia and ...

background uterine leiomyoma (uls) is the most common gynecological tumor and a significant health concern for many women .the interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (il-1ra) is a naturally occurring cytokine inhibiting interleukin- 1 (il-1) activity by binding to the il-1 receptors without signal transduction. objectives the aim of this study was to investigate the association between interleukin-1...