OBJECTIVE We aimed to examine insulin clearance, a compensatory mechanism to changes in insulin sensitivity, across sex, race/ethnicity populations, and varying states of glucose tolerance. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We measured insulin sensitivity index (S(I)), acute insulin response (AIR), and metabolic clearance rate of insulin (MCRI) by the frequently sampled intravenous glucose toleranc...

The influence of steroid hormones on food intake is well described. However, there are only a few studies on the effect of food intake on steroid levels. The study involved eight non-smoker women (average age 29.48±2.99 years; average BMI 21.3±1.3 kg/m2); they did not use any kind of medication affecting steroidogenesis. We analysed the influence of four various stimuli on the levels of steroid...

Maternal nutrient restriction and impaired fetal growth are associated with postnatal insulin resistance, hyperinsulinemia, and glucose intolerance in humans but not consistently in other species, such as the rat or sheep. We therefore determined the effect of mild (85% ad libitum intake/kg body wt) or moderate (70% ad libitum intake/kg body wt) maternal feed restriction throughout pregnancy on...

INTRODUCTION Insulin resistance (IR) is common in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). We compared the performance of insulin tolerance test and the homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) for measuring IR in such patients. METHODS In a prospective study, IR was determined using both insulin tolerance test and HOMA in 22 patients with NAFLD. Rate constant for insulin tolerance ...

We assessed the effect of the vasodilating calcium channel blocker nitrendipine on glucose tolerance in young spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) (n = 15). The nitrendipine group received 1 g/kg chow for 3 weeks. Untreated SHR (n = 14) served as controls. At 3 weeks body weight was comparable, whereas systolic blood pressure was 157 +/- 9 mm Hg in nitrendipine-treated rats versus 191 +/- 10 m...

The minimal model (MM) of glucose kinetics during an intravenous glucose tolerance test (IVGTT) is widely used in clinical studies to measure metabolic indexes such as glucose effectiveness (S(G)) and insulin sensitivity (S(I)). The standard (frequent) IVGTT sampling schedule (FSS) for MM identification consists of 30 points over 4 h. To facilitate clinical application of the MM, reduced sampli...

Thirty-six crossbred steers (288 +/- 3.7 kg initial BW) were used to determine the effect of Cr, as chromium-L-methionine, on glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity in beef calves. Calves were fed a control diet or the diet supplemented with 400 or 800 microg Cr/kg of diet as chromium-L-methionine. Calves were kept in drylots (six calves/pen; two pens/dietary treatment). Steers were caught t...