Introduction Contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) is a common cause of hospital-acquired acute kidney injury (AKI) following the administration contrast media for coronary interventions or procedures such as diagnostic angiography. The optimal way preventing CIN remains uncertain. However, preliminary intravenous hydration, minimizing volume media, and avoiding use nephrotoxic drugs are recommend...

Objective: Unusual or unexpected effect of treatment Background: Rhabdomyolysis is a syndrome characterized by skeletal muscle breakdown, that involves the release of intracellular contents into the circulation, including creatine kinase (CK), myoglobin, electrolytes, organic acids, and purines. Causes of rhabdomyolysis include trauma, exertion, drugs, and toxins (including alcohol), and electr...

BACKGROUND Our study analyzes the effect of magnesium supplementation on nephrotoxicity in patients receiving cisplatin for head and neck cancer. METHODS We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of patients with head and neck cancer who received two doses of cisplatin (80 mg/m2) and 5-fluorouracil (800 mg/m2) 3 weeks apart from August 2008 to October 2012. The regimen prior to 2011 (cr...

background: pancreatitis is a serious complication of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ercp) and may cause significant morbidity and even death. there is no effective prophylactic intervention for patients with average risk yet. this study aims to investigate preventive effect of aggressive hydration for post-ercp pancreatitis. materials and methods: in a double-blind controlled ...

A 37-yr-old female Asian elephant (Elephas maximus) presented with anorexia, restlessness, and dark-colored urine. Urinalyses showed hematuria, leukocyturia, isosthenuria, proteinuria, granular casts, and no calcium oxalate crystals. Bloodwork revealed azotemia. Urine culture revealed a pure growth of Streptococcus zooepidemicus resistant to sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim but susceptible to ceph...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Increased intravenous (IV) hydration is associated with decreased labor duration and oxytocin augmentation in nulliparous women when oral fluid is restricted. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of increased IV hydration on the duration of labor when access to oral fluid was unrestricted. METHODS Term, nulliparous women with uncomplicated singleto...

Several clinical studies have proposed a protective role for vitamin E (α-tocopherol) against contrast-induced acute kidney injury (CIAKI). The aim of study was to assess the effects of vitamin E for the prevention of CIAKI. A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted using MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) repor...

Using intravenous infusion, we separated the physiologic consequences of 3% body mass dehydration from the conscious awareness of fluid replacement on time trial (TT) performance in the heat. Eleven trained cyclists performed 90 min of steady-state (50% V ˙ O 2 peak ) cycling followed by a self-paced 20-km TT in a hot-dry (35 °C, 10% relative humidity, wind speed 3.0 m/s) environment while euhy...

One hundred and fifty years ago, Snow made the historic discovery that contaminated water transmitted cholera, but there were many other key discoveries and notable developments in the history of cholera. Koch cultured V. cholerae, the bacterium about which Snow could only speculate, and S.N. De discovered the enterotoxin produced by the bacterium resulting in massive outpouring of fluid. But t...

Results No pharmacological actions, pharmacological measures, and knowledge of biphasic anaphylaxis reaction were approached. As non-pharmacological measures, maintenance of respiratory tract was cited by 48 physicians, whereas attention to hydration, intravenous access and patient positioning were cited by 12 doctors. As pharmacological measure, adrenaline was mentioned in 48 questionnaires as...