Borsboom (Psychometrika, 71:425–440, 2006) noted that recent work on measurement invariance (MI) and predictive invariance (PI) has had little impact on the practice of measurement in psychology. To understand this contention, the definitions of MI and PI are reviewed, followed by results on the consistency between the two forms of invariance in the general case. The special parametric cases of...

Scalar invariance in factor models is important for comparing latent means. Little work has focused on invariance testing for other model parameters under various conditions. This simulation study assesses how partial factorial invariance influences invariance testing for model parameters. Type I error inflation and parameter bias were observed.

For a given set of observations, we consider the waiting times between successive returns to extreme values. Our main result is an invariance theorem that says that, as the size of the data set gets large, the empirical distribution of the waiting time converges with probability one to a geometric distribution, whenever the observations are i.i.d. or, more generally, a realization of any exchan...

This study examines manufacturer' perceptions of task and emotional conflict in domestic channels of distribution. Both are expected to depend on three antecedents (centralization, esprit de corps, and communication barriers) and to affect performance relative to competitors and manufacturer's satisfaction directly and indirectly through strategy quality. The results support a positive link bet...