Liver transplant seems to be an effective option to prolong survival in patients with end-stage liver disease, although it still can be followed by serious complications. Invasive fungal infections (ifi) are related to high rates of morbidity and mortality. The epidemiology of fungal infections in Brazilian liver transplant recipients is unknown. The aim of this observational and retrospective ...

Treatments for invasive fungal infections remain unsatisfactory. We evaluated the efficacy, tolerability, and safety of voriconazole as salvage treatment for 273 patients with refractory and intolerant-to-treatment fungal infections and as primary treatment for 28 patients with infections for which there is no approved therapy. Voriconazole was associated with satisfactory global responses in 5...

The rising incidence of invasive fungal infections due to the expanding population of immunocompromised hosts and the increasing prevalence of fungal resistance has led to the need for novel antifungal agents. Posaconazole, a new member of the triazole class has demonstrated in vitro activity against a broad spectrum of fungi and clinical activity against various fungal pathogens, including Asp...

BACKGROUND Recurrence of prior invasive fungal infection (relapse rate of 30-50%) limits the success of stem cell transplantation. Secondary prophylaxis could reduce disease burden and improve survival. DESIGN AND METHODS A prospective, open-label, multicenter trial was conducted evaluating voriconazole (4 mg/kg/12 h intravenously or 200 mg/12 h orally) as secondary antifungal prophylaxis in ...

ABBREVIATIONS IN THIS CHAPTER Anti-Mn Anti-mannan antibody AST Antifungal susceptibility testing ECIL European Conference on Infections in Leukemia ESCMID European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases IA Invasive aspergillosis IC Invasive candidiasis IDSA Infectious Disease Society of America IFI Invasive fungal infection Mn Mannan antigen TDM Therapeutic drug monitoring 1. ...

Invasive fungal infections are a major cause of morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised patients. Because the etiologic agents of these infections are abundant in nature, their isolation from biopsy material or sterile body fluids is needed to document infection. This review evaluates and discusses different human body fluids used to diagnose fungal infections.

Antifungals have always been considered as one of the astonishing discoveries of the 20th century. This is correct, but the real marvel is the development of antifungal resistance in hospitals, communities, and the environment concomitant with their use. Fungal infections have emerged as an important clinical threat, with significant associated morbidity and mortality.  This study is desig...

Patients with advanced HIV-1 infection, those who are receiving chemotherapy for malignancy, and transplant recipients (both hematopoietic stem cell transplant [HSCT] and solid organ transplant [SOT]) are among the populations of immunosuppressed patients at risk for fungal infections. The fungal infections acquired by these patients are a consequence of immunological deficits associated with t...

Nosocomial fungal infections have become increasingly common. This increase has been documented globally, i.e., in Europe [1], Asia [2,3], and North and South America [4,5]. In the United States, reports to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s (CDC) National Nosocomial Infections Surveillance (NNIS) System document this increase in multiple clinical sites, including bloodstream, sur...

The incidence of invasive fungal infections has been on the rise, particularly in transplant recipients and in patients with hematological malignancies and other forms of immunosuppression. There is a mismatch between the rate of antifungal resistance and the development of new antifungal agents. Based on this, the idea of combining antifungals in the treatment of invasive fungal infections app...