A globally-averaged, pulsed inductive plasma model is reproduced and utilized to investigate pre-ionization conditions for a pulsed inductive plasma accelerator. Attention is given to better quantifying the formation and energy conversion/loss processes associated with the pre-ionization stage. Simulations are completed for different power input pulse duration, seed plasma density, and total in...

Plasmas with multiply charged ions are of great importance for many applications as, e.g., near-electrode phenomena in arcs, pulsed high-current dis­ charges, plasmas produced by wire explosions, shock fronts, high-intensity lasers and ion beams. Let us mention also that the development of X-ray lasers is closely connected with the behaviour of highly ionized plasmas of heavy elements. Most of ...

The Gn test sets(1) of accurate (uncertainty ≤ 1 kcal mol–1 ≈ 4 kJ mol–1) experimental data are widely employed in the development and assessment of quantum chemistry procedures. However, while all the data in the Gn sets nominally carry a sub-kcal mol–1 uncertainty, several of the experimental values show uncharacteristically large discrepancies when compared with values determined by high-lev...

Penning ionization of iodomethane (CH3I) and diiodomethane (CH2I2) upon collision with metastable He(2S) atoms was studied by collision-energy/electron-energy resolved two-dimensional Penning ionization electron spectroscopy (2D-PIES) over a wide range of collision energies (20 – 350 meV). Collision energy dependence of partial ionization cross sections (CEDPICS) indicates that the interaction ...

Field ionization of C2H5I doped into argon is presented as a function of argon number density along the argon critical isotherm. These data exhibit a decrease in the argon induced shift of the C2H5I ionization energy near the critical point similar to recent field ionization measurements of CH3I/Ar. We show that this decrease is due to the interaction between argon and the quasi-free electron a...

Using a time-dependent density-functional-theory (TDDFT) method that incorporates the exact exchange, we reproduce the measured ionization suppression for vanadium in 1500-nm lasers of 1.4 to 2.8 × 1013 W/cm2. The calculated ionization yields are 0.07 to 0.5 in 100 fs sin2 pulses. For weaker laser intensities a method with more configurations is needed to properly describe the multiphoton, rath...

A measurement of ionization yields in noble-gas liquids is relevant to the energy calibration of nuclear recoil detectors for darkmatter search and coherent neutrino-nucleus scattering experiments. In this work we further study the ionization yield of nuclear recoils in liquid Ar, using a two-phase detector with an electroluminescence gap and DD neutron generator. The ionization yields of nucle...

Soft ionization methods for the introduction of labile biomolecules into a mass spectrometer are of fundamental importance to biomolecular analysis. Previously, electrospray ionization (ESI) and matrix assisted laser desorption-ionization (MALDI) have been the main ionization methods used. Surface acoustic wave nebulization (SAWN) is a new technique that has been demonstrated to deposit less en...

Combined data of photoelectron spectra and photoionization efficiency curves in the near threshold ionization region of isolated ion pairs from [emim][Tf(2)N], [emim][Pf(2)N], and [dmpim][Tf(2)N] ionic liquid vapors reveal small shifts in the ionization energies of ion-pair systems due to cation and anion substitutions. Shifts toward higher binding energy following anion substitution are attrib...

Article history: Received 5 December 2013 In final form 24 January 2014 Available online 1 February 2014 Slater’s covalent radii agree nicely with experiment when the effective principal quantum number and the screening constant for the outermost electron are taken from fits of the hydrogen-like energy level expression to ionization energies in isoelectronic series. This establishes a simple co...