Most digital systems textbooks treat the topic of converting one flip flop to another by simply giving the student certain simple conversion circuits, such as the use of an inverter between the R and S inputs of an RS flip flop to form a D flip flop, or tying together the inputs of a JK flip flop to make a T flip flop. However, a more general, but very simple, methodology for flip flop conversi...

This paper describes an original circuit design of a static CMOS double-edge triggered flip-flop (DETFF). Doubleedge triggered (DET) flip-flops are bistable flip-flop circuits in which data is latched at either edge of the clock signal. Using such flip-flops permits the rate of data processing to be preserved while using lower clock frequency (as compared to a circuit with single-edge triggered...

We demonstrate here for the first time novel positive and negative effects of the FLICE-like inhibitory protein (FLIP) on human prostate cancer cell survival. A proteaosome inhibitor, MG132, mediated cell cycle arrest at G2/M and apoptosis through p38 activation. Interestingly, FLIP was stabilized by MG132 and interacted with Raf-1, resulting in enhancement of p38 signals and cytotoxicity. In c...

Errors in the flip angle have to be corrected in many magnetic resonance imaging applications, especially for T1 quantification. However, the existing methods of B1 mapping fail to measure lower values of the flip angle despite the fact that these are extensively used in dynamic acquisition and 3D imaging. In this study, the nonlinearity of the radiofrequency (RF) transmit chain, especially for...

Macrophages differentiated from circulating peripheral blood monocytes are essential for host immune responses and have been implicated in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis and atherosclerosis. In contrast to monocytes, macrophages are resistant to Fas-induced cell death by an unknown mechanism. FLICE (Fas-associated death domain-like interleukin 1beta-converting enzyme)-inhibitory prote...

PURPOSE To characterize the importance of cellular Fas-associated death domain (FADD)-like interleukin 1β-converting enzyme (FLICE) inhibitory protein (c-FLIP), a key regulator of caspase-8 (FLICE)-promoted apoptosis, in modulating the response of prostate cancer cells to androgen receptor (AR)-targeted therapy. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN c-FLIP expression was characterized by immunohistochemical an...