To seek more business opportunities, cross-market retailers pursue horizontal joint promotion (HJP) to promote their products together. It is important determine the factors that make HJP and how affects retailers' optimal decisions. We address such issues in context of a shopping mall which two with possible involvement mall. develop game-theoretic models study whether should provide consumers...

Although a few models have been proposed for 3D simulation of different welding processes, 2D models are still more effective in design goals, thus more popular due to the short-time analysis. In this research, replacing "time" by the "third dimension of place", the gas tungsten arc welding process was simulated by the finite element method in two dimensions and in a short time with acceptable ...

Osteoarthritis is the commonest degenerative joint disease, leading to joint pain and disability. The mouse has been the primary animal used for research, due to its size, relatively short lifespan, and the availability of genetically modified animals. Importantly, they show pathogenesis similar to osteoarthritis in humans. Mechanical loading is a major risk factor for osteoarthritis, and vario...

A conditionally specified joint model is convenient to use in fields such as spatial data modeling, Gibbs sampling, and missing data imputation. One potential problem with such an approach is that the conditionally specified models may be incompatible, which can lead to serious problems in applications. We propose an odds ratio representation of a joint density to study the issue and derive con...

this article considers the seismic behavior of beam-to-column joints in steel frames for different bolt arrangements by using of finite element modeling. as the most important beam-to-column joint type, the beam-to-column joints with end-plate is chosen for the analysis. four different specimens have been analyzed. these models had some differences such as bolt arrangement and the presence or a...

One of the main problems in credit risk management is the correlated default. In large portfolios, computing the default dependencies among issuers is an essential part in quantifying the portfolio's credit. The most important problems related to credit risk management are understanding the complex dependence structure of the associated variables and lacking the data. This paper aims at introdu...