Most quantum logics do not allow for a reasonable calculus of conditional probability. However, those ones which do so provide a very general and rich mathematical structure, including classical probabilities, quantum mechanics, and Jordan algebras. This structure exhibits some similarities with Alfsen and Shultz’s noncommutative spectral theory, but these twomathematical approaches are not ide...

In finite-dimensional simple Lie algebras and affine Kac-Moody algebras, Chevalley involutions are crucial ingredients of the modular theory. Towards establishing theory for extended we investigate existence “Chevalley involutions” tori algebras. We first discuss how to lift a involution from centerless core which is characterized be torus then entire algebra. prove by type-dependent argument t...

For the purposes of [K] and [KM] it became necessary to have 7× 7 matrix generators for a Sylow-3-subgroup of the Ree groups G2(q) and its normalizer. For example in [K] we wanted to show that in a seven dimensional representation the Jordan canonical form of any element of order nine is a single Jordan block of size 7. In [KM] we develop group recognition algorithms. At some stage we need to i...

Let G be a simply connected Chevalley group corresponding to an irreducible simply laced root system. Then the finite group G(Z/4Z) has a two fold central extension G(Z/4Z) realized as a Steinberg group. In this paper we construct a natural correspondence between genuine representations of G(Z/4Z) and representations of the Chevalley group G(Z/2Z).

X iv :0 80 3. 04 72 v1 [ m at h. R A ] 4 M ar 2 00 8 On decomposition of commutative Moufang groupoids B.V.Novikov It is well-known that the multiplicative groupoid of an alternative/Jordan algebra satisfies Moufang identities [1, 4]. Therefore it seems interesting to study the structure of such groupoids. In this note we apply to Moufang groupoids an approach which is widespread in Semigroup T...

The classical singular value decomposition for a matrix A ∈ Cm×n is a canonical form for A that also displays the eigenvalues of the Hermitian matrices AA∗ and A∗A. In this paper, we develop a corresponding decomposition for A that provides the Jordan canonical forms for the complex symmetric matrices AA and AA. More generally, we consider the matrix triple (A,G, Ĝ), where G ∈ Cm×m, Ĝ ∈ Cn×n ar...

Introduction 1 1. Invariant Subspaces 3 2. Eigenvectors, Eigenvalues and Eigenspaces 11 3. Cyclic Spaces 14 4. Prime and Primary Vectors 15 5. The Cyclic Decomposition Theorem 20 6. Rational and Jordan Canonical Forms 22 7. Similarity 23 8. The Cayley-Hamilton Polynomial (Or: Up With Determinants?) 24 9. Extending The Ground Field 25 9.1. Some Invariances Under Base Extension 25 9.2. Semisimpli...

We study the ground-state properties of hard-core bosons trapped by arbitrary confining potentials on one-dimensional optical lattices. A recently developed exact approach based on the Jordan-Wigner transformation is used. We analyze the large distance behavior of the one-particle density matrix, the momentum distribution function, and the lowest natural orbitals. In addition, the low-density l...

We prove new structural properties for tree-decompositions of planar graphs that we use to improve upon the runtime of tree-decomposition based dynamic programming approaches for several NP-hard planar graph problems. We give for example the fastest algorithm for Planar Dominating Set of runtime 3 · n, when we take the treewidth tw as the measure for the exponential worst case behavior. We also...