Among the schools undertaking the re-education of the delinquent is Red Hill School, Maidstone, Kent, founded by its Principal Otto L. Shaw in 1934. Child Guidance Clinics, Children's Departments of local authorities, hospitals, Juvenile Courts and Probation Officers refer boys to the school who suffer from such emotional and social disorders as:?stealing, aggression, running-away, sexual distu...

To illustrate how specialist courts have developed to manage juvenile offenders, this paper provides an overview of the history and development of the youth court in one jurisdiction, South Australia. Drawing on interviews conducted with judicial officers, the paper seeks to highlight some of the changes that have taken place since the Court’s inception, as well as how the Court currently under...

There are in England and Wales, 71 residential schools known as Approved or Home Office Schools. Their function is to receive young delinquents and neglected children from the Juvenile Courts and turn them into useful citizens. Before the Children and Young Persons' Act, 1933, these Schools were known officially as Reformatories and Industrial Schools. This distinction has now vanished and they...

ISSN 0817-8542 ISBN 0 642 241 98 8 One of the most difficult areas of criminal justice policy lies in providing appropriate legal mechanisms to reflect the transition from the age of childhood innocence through to maturity and full responsibility under the criminal law. Along with specialised institutions such as Children’s Courts and juvenile detention centres, specific legal rules have been d...

Reclaiming Futures is a five-year, $21 million initiative funded by The Robert Wood Johnson Foundation. The initiative addresses the reality that both substance abuse and prosecution for drug-related charges among juvenile offenders has undergone a tremendous surge in the last five years, yet systems of care to address these interrelated issues have been slower to evolve. Reclaiming Futures add...

Mental health courts (MHCs) are a popular type of problem-solving court, and there is ample evidence that they reduce recidivism and increase participation in community-based treatment. The authors summarize evidence for the effectiveness of MHCs and present findings from a study in which they identified and characterized 346 adult and 51 juvenile MHCs currently operating in the United States. ...

In this issue of The Journal, Dr. Peter Ash offers the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law some ideas on developmentally informed assessment of criminal culpability during adolescence. After highlighting issues that complicate the definition and assessment of criminal culpability, Ash lists 10 constructs that he believes should be carefully considered by forensic clinicians in developing...

The authors discuss the advisability of juvenile courts requiring urine testing for parents who severely maltreat (abuse and/or neglect) their children. While urine testing for substance abuse is not sufficient to ensure adequate treatment, it is important as part of the overall substance abuse treatment in a selected group of parents. An objective of this article is to offer specific urine tes...

The first thing that strikes the English visitor, examining post-war social work in the U.S.A., is the " psychiatric invasion " of all fields. In work among children this has led to a de-centralizing of the functions of the Child Guidance Clinic and to the establishment of a psychiatric case-work section within each agency or department concerned with child welfare. This is true of schools, the...