A binary sequence satisfies a one-dimensional (d; k) run length constraint if every run of zeros has length at least d and at most k. A two-dimensional binary pattern is (d1; k1; d2; k2)-constrained if it satisfies the one-dimensional (d1; k1) run length constraint horizontally and the one-dimensional (d2; k2) run length constraint vertically. For given d1; k1; d2, and k2, the asymmetric two-di...

To gain insight into the physiological role of a kidney-specific chloride channel, CLC-K2, the exact intrarenal localization was determined by in situ hybridization. In contrast to the inner medullary localization of CLC-K1, the signal of CLC-K2 in our in situ hybridization study was highly evident in the superficial cortex, moderate in the outer medulla, and absent in the inner medulla. To ide...

We prove the inequality E[(X/μ)k]≤(k/μlog(1+k/μ))k≤exp(k2/(2μ)) for sub-Poissonian random variables X, such as Binomially or Poisson distributed variables, with mean μ. The asymptotic behaviour E[(X/μ)k]=1+O(k2/μ) matches a lower bound of 1+Ω(k2/μ) small k2/μ. This improves over previous uniform raw moment bounds by factor exponential in k.

For a number field F , it is proved that the K2-semigroup K2(F,F++) defined in [R.V. Moody, J. Morita, J. Algebra 229 (2000) 1] has similar properties to the positive K2 group K + 2 (F) introduced by Gras in [J. Number Theory 23 (1986) 322].  2003 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Let E be an elliptic curve, K1 its Kummer curve E/{±1}, E its square product, and K2 the split Kummer surface E /{±1}. The addition law on E gives a large endomorphism ring, which induce endomorphisms of K2. With a view to the practical applications to scalar multiplication on K1, we study the explicit arithmetic of K2.

OBJECTIVE Sorafenib is an oral multikinase inhibitor that has been proven effective as a single-agent therapy in hepatocellular carcinoma, and there is a strong rationale for investigating its use in combination with other agents. Vitamin K2 is nearly non-toxic to humans and has been shown to inhibit the growth of hepatocellular carcinoma. In this study, we evaluated the effects of a combinatio...