Apple is one of the intensive grown and widely cultivated fruit crop in the temperate region, around the world. China, USA, Iran, India and Italy are the highest apple producing countries in the world. More than 60% of world apple productions come from these countries. More than 7.500 apple cultivars are grown around the world. Generally most popular apple varieties in the world are pink lady, ...

Many fruit boring insect pests are difficult to control because of the short time span during which the damaging stage can be targeted before it becomes protected by the host fruit. We investigated the host location behaviour of the codling moth Cydia pomonella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Totricidae) to its apple host ( Malus domestica Mill.) in the laboratory, with a view to the potential for extending...

IMPORTANCE Fruit consumption is believed to have beneficial health effects, and some claim, "An apple a day keeps the doctor away." OBJECTIVE To examine the relationship between eating an apple a day and keeping the doctor away. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS A cross-sectional study of a nationally representative sample of the noninstitutionalized US adult population. A total of 8728 adu...

Apple maggot, Rhagoletis pomonella (Walsh) (Diptera: Tephritidae), is a pest of major concern to apple, Malus x domestica (Borkh.) production in eastern North America. Host plant resistance to apple maggot among apple germplasm has been previously evaluated among a small number of exotic Malus accessions and domestic hybrid selections. However, a large number of exotic accessions housed in USDA...

Premetamorphic northern leopard frogs (Rana pipiens) and green frogs (Rana clamitans) were evaluated at seven wetland sites, four of which were within apple orchards, to determine if environmental conditions associated with orchard management in southern Ontario, Canada, affected frog early development. Synchronous with breeding events (May–July), embryos and tadpoles were exposed, in situ and ...

Apple maggot fly, Rhagoletis pomonella (Walsh) is a major pest causing considerable economic losses of fruits in North America. During the development of international trade, apple maggot fly has become a threat to Chinese agriculture. In this study, CLIMEX and ArcGIS were used to predict the potential geographical distribution of apple maggot fly in China. The parameters used in CLIMEX for app...

Apple is a fruit crop cultivated worldwide. Apple orchards are exposed to a diverse set of environmental and biological factors that affect the productivity and sustainability of the culture. Many of the efforts and costs for apple production rely on reducing the incidence of fungal diseases, and one of the main diseases is apple scab caused by the fungus Venturia inaequalis. The economic impac...

The most crucial problem of apple harvesting robot is to get the exact location and the maturity degree of the target. A system of apple maturity discrimination and positioning based on the multi-spectral technology and laser triangulation ranging principle is researched. Signal transmission, signal reception, signal processing, the CPU processing and several PC components are involved in the s...