In this experiment the effect of inoculation with Azospirillum on the flag leaf and spike rachis anatomical features and also on grain yield and grain weight was investigated for the first time in bread and durum wheats during 2015-2016 growing season under semi-arid condition. The crop yield increased due to the inoculation with Azospirillum with a maximum yield increase of about 8.0 per cent ...

A survey on the occurrence of ochratoxin A (OTA) in 41 bread samples was carried out in the Portuguese capital, Lisbon. Maize (5) and wheat bread (36) and 43 representative urine samples from the Lisbon region were assayed for OTA levels using immunoaffinity column cleanup (IAC) and HPLC with fluorimetric detection (LC–FD). The percentage of OTA-positive samples was slightly higher for maize br...

Domestication of plants and animals is the major factor underlying human civilization. Cultivated wheats refer mainly to two types: the hexaploid bread wheat (Triticum aestivum) accounting for about 95% of world wheat production, and the tetraploid durum wheat (T. durum) accounting for the other 5%. T. aestivum derived from a cross between domesticated emmer T. dicoccum and the goat grass Aegil...

The main objectives of this study were to develop jackfruit-based high fiber bread by utilizing jackfruit rind flour in bread formulation, and to characterize physical properties of produced high fibre bread. Jack fruit rind pieces were undergone few soaking and washing steps prior to get dried and milled. Obtained Jackfruit rind flour (JRF) was incorporated into wheat flour (WF) in three diffe...

The Auxin/indole-3-acetic acid (Aux/IAA) gene family plays key roles in the primary auxin-response process and controls a number of important traits in plants. However, the characteristics of the Aux/IAA gene family in hexaploid bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) have long been unknown. In this study, a comprehensive identification of the Aux/IAA gene family was performed using the latest draft...

To determine the effect on blood glucose of removal of protein from wheat products, healthy volunteers took test meals of white bread made from either regular or gluten-free flour. After bread made from gluten-free flour, the blood-glucose rise was significantly greater. This corresponded with a significantly more rapid rate of digestion in vitro and reduced starch malabsorption in vivo as judg...

Cytological and agronomic characteristics of a F2 population from Triticum aestivum L. x T. durum Desf. hybrids were analyzed plant by plant. Means of morphologic traits in the F2 population were similar to those of the low-value parent. On average, F2 hybrids had 36.54 chromosomes per plant, indicating that each gamete lost 2.73 chromosomes at meiosis of the F1 generation. More than half of pl...

INTRODUCTION This study was undertaken with the objectives of formulating composite bread by utilising finger millet flour and foxtail millet flour and further to evaluate these breads for sensory, nutritional qualities, and glycemic response. METHODS Two genotypes of finger millet VL-146 and PRM-601 and one local cultivar of foxtail millet were studied. The finger millet flour (FMF) and foxt...

Historical Although the wheat plant (Triticum) is nowhere found in the wild state, it has been cultivated for human food from the earliest times of which we have record. The origin is held to have been in south-west Asia, in Mesopotamia. When Abraham (about 2000 B.C.) was visited by three angels unawares, he commanded Sarah to ‘make ready quickly three measures of fine meal, knead it, and make ...