Incentive learning is the process via which animals update changes in the value of rewards. Current evidence suggests that, for food rewards in rats, this learning process involves the amygdala. However, it remains unclear whether this learning undergoes protein synthesis-dependent consolidation and "reconsolidation" processes in the lateral and basal nuclei of amygdala. Accordingly, we examine...

The development of drug-seeking habits is implicated in the transition from recreational drug use to addiction. Using a drug seeking/taking chained schedule of intravenous cocaine self-administration and reward devaluation methods in rats, the present studies examined whether drug seeking that is initially goal-directed becomes habitual after prolonged drug seeking and taking. Devaluation of th...

Recent work (Blundell et al., 2001; Balleine et al., 2003) has suggested that the basolateral region of the amygdala (BLA) is important in the representation of the sensory and incentive aspects of motivationally significant events. In common with other theories of function of the BLA, this predicts that lesions of the BLA will interfere with reinforcer devaluation after appetitive Pavlovian or...

This simple paper models the production allocation choices of a multinational enterprise (MNE) in a three-country framework -a northern country and two southern countries. The products made in the southern countries are of lower quality, and have higher substitutability than those between the south and the north. We investigate how exchange rates affect production, employment, profits and welfa...

Abstract “Queer” is a relatively recent and somewhat controversial term in African studies. Yet it proving to be productive, not only for understanding subjectivities of sexuality gender, but also situating Africa’s position the larger economy knowledge. Otu van Klinken explore productive tensions between “queer” “Africa,” aim read Africa as queer from Africa. Thus, rather than imagining polar ...