نتایج جستجو برای: keywords liability structure
تعداد نتایج: 3428399 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
The Rotterdam Rules, among the international maritime transport conventions, was the first one that assigned one chapter to the obligations and liabilities of the shipper, and invented the new concept of documentary shipper. Since the concept of documentary shipper is invented for the first time in the Rotterdam Rules, in this paper, has been raised the legal status of the documentary shipper a...
Previous research into enforcement of law and corporate social responsibility mostly assumes that the vertical structure of the entities causing harm is exogenous. By outsourcing, the source of harm may avoid some liability and responsibility, while losing direct control over the evasive actions that cause harm. Here, we analyze the trade off between avoidance of liability and control over evas...
Professional liability insurance combines types of property for several categories individuals who may cause material harm to third parties as a result their professional activities. As market rivalry has strengthened with the development economy, demand protection increased, and presence policy boosts prestige confidence in eyes his clients business partners.
 In many nations throughout w...
This paper shows how a mean variance criterion can be applied to a multi period setting in order to obtain efficient portfolios in an asset and liability context. The optimization model allows for rebalancing activities, transaction costs, stochastic volatilities for both assets and liabilities. Furthermore, a general framework for the projection of pension fund liabilities as well as for the g...
Protecting nature and preserving its health is emphasized by different religions and human mind. Enjoying a healthy environment is a fundamental human right. Any damage to the environment requires compensation of damages incurred, which is within the scope of civil liability. The key question here is what is the nature of civil liability for environmental damage? How does choosing the right nat...
Until the late 20th century, assigning the criminal liability to the legal persons Until the late 20th century, assigning the criminal liability to the legal persons was ambiguous and rejected obviously in most legal systems for a variety of reasons such as: legal persons are artificial and lack criminal mansuetude, lack of proportion between the crimes and punishments, lack of realizatio...
One of the important issues which are discussed by the law today is the civil liability of Physicians, something which was silence in the civil code and civil liability code of n1339 (1960), however the Islamic penal code has predicted some regulations for it. The civil liability of Physicians in the comparative law is principally based on the theory of fault. That is, a Physician is found to...
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