For many services, consumers can choose among a range of optional tariffs that differ in their access and usage prices. Recent studies indicate that tariff-specific preferences may lead consumers to choose a tariff that does not minimize their expected billing rate. This study analyzes how tariff-specific preferences influence the responsiveness of consumers’ usage and tariff choice to changes ...

T he objective of this study is using the Markov Switching Vector Autoregressive method and regime dependent impulse response functions to measure the pass-through of world food prices to consumer price index in Iran from 1990 to 2013. With respect to information criteria and the log-likelihood ratio statistic, MSIA(2)-VAR(1) model has a better fit to data than other models. The magn...

The purpose of this study is to examine the degree exchange rate pass-through (ERPT) with focus on Taylor (2000)’s hypothesis that asserts ERPT tends be high (low) in inflation states. To end, a panel quantile regression applied data from 37 countries over period 1996-2018. allows us capture distributional heterogeneity coefficient and thus directly address question whether depends inflationary...

A band pass filter with tilted ladder shaped patch and U-shaped geometries is proposed in this paper. Feed are connected at the end of open ended stubs. Presented filter is suitable for the application of wireless application in L-band range. A flat passband response can be achieved when it is employed to implement a bandpass filter. The resonator also exhibits attenuation poles close to the ed...

This paper provides a welfare comparison of a tariff with a combination of a production subsidy to, and a commodity tax on, an import-competing commodity in a two-country economy. We treat some plausible situations of industry protection, including where the initial tariff is above the optimal tariff, where a certain output level of a tariff-imposed commodity must be maintained, and where there...