This article presents a systematic approach for interpreting a craniofacial CT scan that is clinically useful to the reconstructive surgeon. By categorizing the fracture patterns and highlighting the variables that may affect fracture management, the radiologist can expand his interpretation of the fracture pattern into a clinically useful diagnosis that may affect fracture management.

D. Alessi,* Y. Wang, B.M. Luther, L. Yin, D.H. Martz, M. R. Woolston, Y. Liu, M. Berrill, and J. J. Rocca NSF Engineering Research Center for Extreme Ultraviolet Science and Technology, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, USA Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, Unive...

For accurate superior or posterior repositioning of the maxilla in Le Fort I osteotomy, bone removal around the descending palatine artery (DPA) and maxillary tuberosity is required. Because the most common site of hemorrhage in the Le Fort I osteotomy is the posterior maxilla, this bone removal provides surgeons to surgical frustration of DPA injury. When the DPA is injured during the bone rem...

1 USDA-ARS, Rangel and Resources Research Unit, Fort Collins, CO 80526, USA; 2 Department of Botany and Program in Ecology, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY 82071, USA; 3 USDA-ARS Soil–Plant-Nutrient Research Unit, Fort Collins, CO 80526, USA; 4 Department of Soil, Water and Climate; and 5 Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA; and 6 F...

UNLABELLED The longitudinal monitoring of oxidative stress (OS) in athletes may enable the identification of fatigued states and underperformance. The application of OS biomarker monitoring programs in sport are hindered by reliability and repeatability of in-the-field testing tools, the turnaround of results, and the understanding of biological variation (BV). Knowledge of BV and critical diff...

OBJECTIVE Abnormalities of the midface and maxilla are frequently corrected using Le Fort I surgery. This osteotomy passes near the apices of the maxillary teeth, severing the blood vessels and nerves supplying the teeth. The aim of this review was to determine the effect of Le Fort I osteotomy on pulpal vascularity and neurosensory response. DATA SOURCES A systematic search of the literature...

The objectives of this study are to assess the velopharyngeal dimensions using cephalometric variables of the nasopharynx and oropharynx as well as to compare the Le Fort I osteotomy technique to Zisser's anterior maxillary osteotomy technique based on patients' outcomes within early and late postoperative follow-ups. 15 patients with severe maxillary deficiency treated with Le Fort I osteotomy...

Large-scale rescue excavation beyond the guardianship area around Roman fort on Antonine Wall at Croy Hill (NGR: NS 7335 7652) was undertaken over four summers (1975–8), funded by a predecessor to Historic Environment Scotland. The aims of were identify any potential civil settlement associated with and confirm character date pre-fort enclosure identified Sir George Macdonald in 1930s. latter p...

Severe midface hypoplasia in patients with various craniofacial anomalies can be corrected with Le Fort III or monobloc advancement. Often additional corrective orthognathic surgery is indicated to achieve Class I occlusion and a normal inter-jaw relationship. This study evaluated the incidence of, and the surgical indications for, secondary orthognathic surgery following Le Fort III/monobloc a...