The Madden–Julian oscillation (MJO) is the dominant mode of tropical intraseasonal variability, characterized by an eastward-propagating envelope of convective anomalies with a 30–70-day time scale. Here, the authors report changes in MJO activity across coupled simulations with a superparameterized version of the NCARCommunity Earth SystemModel. They find that intraseasonal OLR variance nearly...

As a major mode of intraseasonal variability, which interacts with weather and climate systems on a near-global scale, the Madden–Julian Oscillation (MJO) is a crucial source of predictability for numerical weather prediction (NWP) models. Despite its global significance and comprehensive investigation, improvements in the representation of the MJO in an NWP context remain elusive. However, rec...

This study statistically investigates the timing and underlying processes of the shallow-to-deep convective transition (SDT) associated with Madden-Julian Oscillations (MJO) initiation over the Indian Ocean. Results show that SDT periods have a median value of 8–10 days with a wide spectrum of 2–20 days. SDTs lasting 10–20 days occurred nearly 50% of the time, consistent with gradual tropospher...

This study estimates MJO change under the A1B greenhouse gas emission scenario using the ECHAM5 AGCM whose coupled version (ECHAM5/MPI-OM) has simulated best MJO variance among fourteen CGCMs. The model has a horizontal resolution at T319 (about 40 km) and is forced by the monthly evolving SST derived from the ECHAM5/MPI-OM at a lower resolution of T63 (about 200 km). Two runs are carried out c...

OBJECTIVE To identify the frequency of signs and symptoms of temporomandibular disorder (TMD) and its severity in individuals with headache. STUDY DESIGN 60 adults divided into three groups of 20 individuals: chronic daily headache (CDH), episodic headache (EH) and a control group without headache (WH). Headache diagnosis was performed according to the criteria of International Headache Socie...

In its default configuration, the Hadley Centre climate model (GA2.0) simulates roughly one-half the observed level of Madden–Julian oscillation activity, with MJO events often lasting fewer than 7 days. We use initialized, climate-resolution hindcasts to examine the sensitivity of the GA2.0 MJO to a range of changes in subgrid parametrizations and model configurations. All 22 changes are teste...

[1] A number of competing theories to explain the initiation mechanism, longevity and propagation characteristics of the Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO) have been developed from observational analysis of the tropical climate and minimal dynamical models. Using the isotopic composition of atmospheric moisture from paired satellite retrievals of H2O and HDO from the boundary layer and mid troposp...

The Madden–Julian Oscillation (MJO) is the dominant component of intraseasonal (30–90 days) variability in the tropical atmosphere. Here, traveling wave solutions are presented for the MJO skeleton model of Majda and Stechmann. The model is a system of nonlinear partial differential equations that describe the evolution of the tropical atmosphere on planetary (10,000– 40,000 km) spatial scales....

[1] Both El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and the Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO) have previously been documented to impact Atlantic basin tropical cyclone (TC) activity through alterations in large-scale fields such as vertical wind shear, mid-level moisture, sea level pressure and sea surface temperature. Atlantic TC activity has been shown to be enhanced when La Niña conditions are presen...