In view of the teachers’ professional characteristics, teachers are rated as high emotional workers. By reviewing the literatures of Chinese and foreign teachers’ emotional labor research, this paper sums up four aspects about teachers’ emotional labor: the definition of the concept of emotional labor, teacher’s emotional display rules, teachers’ emotional labor strategies and the antecedents a...

Abstract In this paper,using a structural decomposition analysis (SDA) and the latest available input-output tables we investigate the sources of labor productivity growth in Norway, South Korea and Iran. Then, the contribution of each source in the growth of labor productivity is discussed. The results show that among six factors, value added coefficient is the most influencing factoracross al...

Background & Aims: Fear of labor pain is a principal factor in pregnant women's tendency for cesarean section. This study was done to investigate the factors that affect quality and intensity of labor pain in order to decrease the rate of elective cesarean sections. Method: a prospective randomized study was performed on 208 parturient women in Maternity ward of afzalipour Hospital by using...

The objective of this study was to identify possible changes in mRNA and protein expression of high-mobility group box protein 1 (HMGB1) and its suggested receptors - receptor for advanced glycation end-products (RAGE) and Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) and TLR4 - in human cervix during pregnancy, term and preterm labor. Cervical biopsies were taken from 58 women: 20 at preterm labor, 24 at term l...

In Nigeria, most farming activities rely on family labor. However, rural-urban drift and the movement of young people away from agriculture are making labor increasingly pause. Thus, labor has become a major constraint to expanding the scope of production by small-scale resource poor farmers. This paper provides an empirical relationship between labor and poverty using data from households. Thr...