Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of the most virulent and resistant non-fermenting Gram-negative pathogens in the clinic. Unfortunately, P. aeruginosa has acquired genes encoding metallo-β-lactamases (MβLs), enzymes able to hydrolyze most β-lactam antibiotics. SPM-1 is an MβL produced only by P. aeruginosa, while other MβLs are found in different bacteria. Despite similar active sites, the resista...

Steadily increasing resistance among Shigella to beta-lactams, aminoglycosides, and tetracycline has compromised the utility of these commonly used antimicrobial agents. Also, undesirable side effects of certain antibiotics have triggered immense interest in search of alternative therapies using medicinal plants. One such medicinal plant used since ancient times to cure diarrhea is Aegle marmel...

Bacterial products from gram-positive bacteria, such as peptidoglycan, teichoic acid, and toxins, activate mononuclear cells to produce tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF). The present study evaluated the release of soluble cell wall components from Staphylococcus epidermidis capable of inducing TNF after exposure of the bacteria to various antibiotics. A clinical S. epidermidis isolate (694) was...

The epileptogenic activities of several beta-lactam antibiotics were compared following their intracerebroventricular administration in rats. Different convulsant potencies were observed among the various beta-lactam antibiotics tested, but the epileptogenic patterns were similar. The patterns consisted of an initial phase characterized by wet-dog shakes followed by head tremor, nodding, and cl...

Cefiderocol is a novel siderophore-conjugated ?-lactam antibiotic which has been approved for clinical use. It demonstrated efficacy against infections caused by Gram-negative bacteria, including carbapenem-resistant strains. Novel antibiotics are rarely brought to market and, as such, ideal candidates therapeutic drug monitoring enables optimised dosing across range of scenarios whilst also re...

Background: Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) refers to a group of gram-positive bacteria that are genetically distinct from other strains has developed, through horizontal gene transfer, natural selection and multiple drug resistance beta lactam antibiotics thus causing many severe diseases which very problematic treat as they different antibiotics. The above situation is furt...

Serious infections with gram-negative pathogens continue to be associated with considerable mortality. Increasing antibiotic resistance in organisms such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter baumannii, and Klebsiella pneumoniae is contributing to difficulties with choosing antibiotics to prescribe for these infections. Optimization of therapy against these organisms starts with the initial ...

This study was carried out with the participation of eight hospitals in Turkey to determine the frequency of gram-negative bacteria isolated in intensive care units (ICU) and to compare their resistance rates to selected antibiotics. Aerobic gram-negative bacteria isolated from ICUs during 1996 were studied. Antibiotic susceptibilities to imipenem, ceftazidime, ceftazidime-clavulanate, ceftriax...

Bacteria remain an important cause of infection in bone marrow transplants. To examine shifts in the etiology and susceptibility of bacterial isolates from transplants, we reviewed the incidence and susceptibility of blood isolates during a 7-year period. The infection rate fell dramatically during this time. Gram-positive organisms were isolated more often than gram-negative organisms, but the...