Abstract The Malagasy language is not strictly confined to Madagascar but it also spoken in Mayotte, one of the four islands which constitute Comoros archipelago. inhabitants Mayotte are, fact, divided between two very distinct mother languages, Shimaore, a Bantu dialect similar dialects other three islands, Malagasy, an Austronesian language. In turn, represented by varieties, Kibosy Kimaore, ...

Dialectal variants are complete linguistic systems just like standard languages (cf. Kontosopoulos 1997, Ntinas & Zarkogianni 2009). The teaching of different linguistic varieties of a standard language gives pupils the possibility a) to be acquainted with the treasures of the expressive means of their mother language, b) to embody the mother language in a broader cultural and historical contex...

Most existing models for multilingual natural language processing (NLP) treat language as a discrete category, and make predictions for either one language or the other. In contrast, we propose using continuous vector representations of language. We show that these can be learned efficiently with a character-based neural language model, and used to improve inference about language varieties not...

This paper offers a definition of language iconicity. And it studies it from a fresh perspective--sociolinguistics. The paper discusses it from the following five sections: social class corresponds to language diversity; traditional concept corresponds to word order iconicity and syntactic iconicity; intimity or estrangement corresponds to lexicalization; regional varieties correspond to differ...

This paper investigates the fields of definition up to isogeny of the abelian varieties called building blocks. In [5] and [3] a characterization of the fields of definition of these varieties together with their endomorphisms is given in terms of a Galois cohomology class canonically attached to them. However, when the building blocks have quaternionic multiplication, then the field of definit...

As well-known, there exists a one-to-one correspondence between varieties of recognizable languages and varieties of finite semigroups. New hierarchies of varieties of languages (based on the concatenation product) are defined and an algebraic description of the corresponding hierarchies of varieties of semigroups is given. Various well-known hierarchies are obtained as particular cases. The co...

11.1 Introduction This chapter describes the initial stages of development of a Pan-Mandarin ToBI system. We will review the salient prosodic characteristics of Mandarin, with particular attention to the range of variability within a common structural core, and then propose an initial codification of conventions for marking prosodic structure in two standard varieties and one regional variety o...