BACKGROUND It is a common occurrence in the balance function laboratory to evaluate patients in the post-acute period following unilateral vestibular system impairment. It is important to be able to differentiate spontaneous nystagmus (SN) emanating from peripheral vestibular system impairments from asymmetric gaze-evoked nystagmus (GEN) that originates from central ocular motility impairment. ...

BACKGROUND Machado-Joseph disease (MJD), also named spinocerebellar ataxia type 3 (SCA3) is the most common autosomal dominant ataxia worldwide. Although nystagmus is one of the most frequently reported ocular alterations in MJD patients its behaviour during the course of the disease, namely in its early stages, has only recently started to be investigated. The main goal of this work was to cha...

gmus, which were simultaneously induced not only from bitemporal but also from horizontal and vertical components of each eye separately. Following results were obtained. 1) Pathological finding in spontaneous nysta' gmus test was 54%, in ENG test was 81%, in both of spontaneous nystagmus test and ENG test was 86%, on the other hand, 65% was abnormal in caloric test. It showed that abnormal fin...

OBJECTIVES To study the relationship between the major horizontal and minor torsional components of congenital nystagmus to elucidate the diagnostic importance, effects on vision, and pathogenetic implications of the torsional components. METHODS We recorded the eye movements of 13 subjects with congenital nystagmus using a three-dimensional magnetic search coil technique over a 15-year perio...

PURPOSE To compare development of acuity in patients with isolated infantile nystagmus and infantile nystagmus associated with a visual sensory defect. METHODS Visual acuities in 57 children (1 month to 4 years of age) with infantile nystagmus were assessed by using Teller acuity cards oriented vertically during binocular viewing. Twenty-two had isolated infantile nystagmus, 21 had albinism, ...

In recent decades there has been marked progress in the imaging and laboratory evaluation of dizzy patients. However, detailed history taking and comprehensive bedside neurotological evaluation remain crucial for a diagnosis of dizziness. Bedside neurotological evaluation should include examinations for ocular alignment, spontaneous and gaze-evoked nystagmus, the vestibulo-ocular reflex, saccad...

Seesaw nystagmus (SSN) is characterized by conjugate torsional with opposite vertical components in the two eyes. The waveform may be pendular or jerk (hemi-seesaw nystagmus, HSSN), which slow phase corresponds to one half-cycle and quick other. Pendular SSN HSSN have distinct clinical presentations underlying causes. pathophysiology of instability visuovestibular interactions, while mechanism ...

background: neurotologic signs and symptoms, especially vestibular symptoms are common in migrainous patients. involvement of the visual system in migrainures has received a great deal of attention in recent years, but the oculomotor part of the visual system has been largely ignored. the goal of this study was to investigate some parts of the central vestibular system using the oculomotor part...

PURPOSE To compare responses to vertical and horizontal optokinetic (OK) stimulation in patients with disorders of ocular alignment. METHODS Using the magnetic search coil technique, we measured horizontal and vertical rotations of both eyes in six patients with strabismus since childhood and eight normal subjects. The OK stimulus subtended 72 degrees horizontally and 60 degrees vertically, c...

Involvement of the superior semicircular canal (SSC) in benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) is rare. SSC BPPV is distinguished from the more common posterior semicircular canal (PSC) variant by the pattern of nystagmus triggered by the Dix-Hallpike position: down-beating torsional nystagmus in SSC BPPV versus up-beating torsional nystagmus in PSC BPPV. SSC BPPV may be readily treated at...