V-shaped cantilevers are used widely in the atomic force microscope ~AFM! due to their perceived enhanced resistance to lateral forces in comparison to rectangular cantilevers. In this article, we rigorously investigate this premise, and in so doing establish that, contrary to established operating principles and intuition, V-shaped AFM cantilevers are generally more prone to the effects of lat...

Our unpublished observation that a lateral decubitus posture influences the pattern of sweating was systematically tested by measuring galvanic skin resistance (GSR). Changes in the GSR between two electrodes placed on skin was used to quantify the degree of sweating. In the lateral posture, sweating is inhibited on the lower half and stimulated on the upper half and reversal of the lateral pos...

BACKGROUND Insertion of a gastric tube (GT) in anesthetized, paralyzed, and intubated patients can be difficult The purpose of this study was to determine fiberoptically why GTs succeed or fail to enter the esophagus and, based on these findings, to determine a mechanism for converting failures into successes. METHODS Sixty patients under general anesthesia and orotracheally intubated were st...

Two-dimensional materials based vertical field-effect transistors have been widely studied due to their useful applications in industry. In the present study, we fabricate graphene/MoS₂/(Cr/Au) vertical transistor based on the mechanical exfoliation and dry transfer method. Since the bottom electrode was made of monolayer graphene (Gr), the electrical transport in our Gr/MoS₂/(Cr/Au) vertical t...

A novel bipolar transistor structure, namely, SiGe base lateral PNM Schottky Collector Bipolar Transistor (SCBT) in Silicon-On-Insulator (SOI) substrate is explored using two-dimensional (2-D) simulation. Based on a comparison with its equivalent PNP HBT, we demonstrate for the first time that the proposed SiGe base lateral PNM transistor exhibits a superior performance in terms of high current...

Lateral genetic transfer (LGT) is one of the ways in which microorganisms such as bacteria could move and rearrange genetic materials from and into their genomes (Ragan and Beiko, 2009). The dissemination of antibiotic resistance genes between two microorganisms or between a microorganism and the environment could occur, for example, by conjugation, transduction, and transformation (Fondi and F...

Offshore pipelines used for oil and gas transportation are often buried to avoid damage from fishing activities and to provide thermal insulation. Thermal expansion and contraction of the pipeline during operation can lead to lateral or upheaval buckling. A safe buried pipeline design must take into account a reliable evaluation of soil uplift resistance and pipe embedment depth. While the cost...