In advanced technology nodes, unidirectional layout is strongly preferred for high-density metal layers for better manufacturability. The lithography printing of unidirectional layout can be tightly controlled with illumination source optimization and resolution enhancement techniques. Meanwhile, with the unidirectional layout, self-aligned double and quadruple patterning can be applied to achi...

in this paper, the problem of simultaneous shape and size optimization of single-layer barrel vault frames which contains both of discrete and continuous variables is addressed. in this method, the improved magnetic charged system search (imcss) is utilized as the optimization algorithm and the open application programming interface (oapi) plays the role of interfacing analysis software with th...

Bistable behavior is desirable for a variety of applications because power is applied only during switching, and the mechanism state remains the same regardless of any power interruptions. The low variability in the stable positions also makes accurate open-loop control of many systems possible, and the precise switching characteristics make them valuable in sensing arrays. In this paper, fully...

The paper studies optimization of shell-and-tube heat exchangers using the particle swarm optimization technique. A total cost function is formulated based on initial and annual operating costs of the heat exchangers. Six variables – shell inside diameter, tube diameter, baffle spacing, baffle cut, number of tube passes and tube layouts (triangular or square) – are considered as the design para...

In this paper we present low-power 77-GHz power amplifier (PA) for the long range automotive radar. The proposed amplifier is designed using TSMC 0.13-μm RF CMOS (fT/fmax=120/140 GHz) technology, and it is powered by a 1.5V supply. To reduce power dissipation, we consider bias voltage, transistor size optimization, matchings and layout optimization. To improve power gain of the amplifier, it ha...

In this study an efficient meta-heuristic is proposed for layout optimization of truss structures by combining cellular automata (CA) and firefly algorithm (FA). In the proposed meta-heuristic, called here as cellular automata firefly algorithm (CAFA), a new equation is presented for position updating of fireflies based on the concept of CA. Two benchmark examples of truss structures are presen...

Due to the increased competition in manufacturing industries play a driving force towards reducing the manufacturing costs by efficient design of facility layout. The success of manufacturing industries depends on the design of the facility that is able to adapt quickly and effectively for any changes in market requirements, technological changes, etc. The Facility Layout Problem (FLP) is a com...

Designing a fixture layout is the primary task of fixture design, which consists of determining the different combinations of locators and clamping scheme. Designing a fixture is a lengthy process and the performance of a fixture is usually difficult to predict. Designing fixture to effectively restrain complex components has been recognised as a bottleneck in fixture design development. The ai...