Long-term phosphorus (P) losses and gains in sandy soils continuously fertilized with either ordinary superphosphate or coastal superphosphate (a granulated mixture of superphosphate, rock phosphate and elemental sulfur) or previously fertilized with superphosphate were investigated under leaching conditions in columns in the laboratory. The soils were subjected to 10 consecutive cycles designe...

Seedlings of fifteen species of shrubs and small trees, commonly found in open sites and early stages of secondary succession, were grown in a glasshouse under light intensities of 16% and 66% full daylight, and their growth parameters (height, number of leaves, dry weight, mean relative growth rate) recorded. Three species from open habitats, Coprosma robusta and Dodonaea viscosa, and an adven...

A major mode of transmission of Cryptosporidium parvum, a widespread waterborne pathogen, is via contaminated drinking and recreational waters. Oocyst transport to surface water can occur by deposition of manure directly in the water or by wash off in surface runoff. Oocyst transport to groundwater is less straightforward and requires that the oocysts move through soil and bedrock to reach the ...

The effects of UICC crocidolite and chrysotile A, either oxalic acid-leached or unleached, on the viability, morphology and growth characteristics of rat pleural mesothelial cells (PMC) were examined; DQ12 quartz particles were also used. When asbestos fibers were added for 48 hr at the beginning of exponential growth, 20 or 50 micrograms/mL of chrysotile fibers were cytotoxic and no growth occ...

Disposal of discarded chromated copper arsenate (CCA)-treated wood in landfills raises concerns with respect to leaching of preservative compounds. When unweathered CCA-treated wood is leached using the toxicity characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP), arsenic concentrations exceed the toxicity characteristic (TC) limit of 5mg/L in most cases. The majority of discarded CCA-treated wood, howeve...

The leaching behavior of fluorescent siderophore, pyoverdin (iron biosensor), immobilized in acid-catalyzed sol-gel glass is examined. By varying the R value (molar ratio of water:silicon), three different formulations of pyoverdindoped sol-gel glass pellets (R = 5.6, 8.2, 10.8) were made with tetramethyl orthosilicate (TMOS). At three different aging times (2, 4, and 6 weeks), 7-day leaching e...