While recurrent neural networks can store pattern sequences through incremental learning, there could be a trade-off between network capacity and the speed of learning. The brain may solve this problem by using a two-stage system: a compact, low-capacity subsystem for rapid temporary storage of a few sequences, and a larger, high-capacity, slow learning subsystem for long-term storage of all se...

Hoppeld networks are commonly trained by one of two algorithms. The simplest of these is the Hebb rule, which has a low absolute capacity of n=(2 ln n), where n is the total number of neurons. This capacity can be increased to n by using the pseudo-inverse rule. However, capacity is not the only consideration. It is important for rules to be local (the weight of a synapse depends ony on informa...

The National Center for Literacy Education (NCLE) supports teams of educators in collaborative, inquirybased professional learning. Effective collaborative inquiry teams build sustainable capacity in schools by giving teachers skills, structures, and support systems to continually learn from and refine their shared practice. Both empirical research and international comparisons tell us that inv...

Recent work has implicated endocannabinoids in various forms of synaptic plasticity. In this issue of Neuron, Chevaleyre and Castillo describe a new mechanism whereby a CB1 receptor-mediated LTD of inhibitory synaptic transmission facilitates the subsequent induction of LTP in a narrow band of synapses surrounding a region of potentiated synapses.

 Background: The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the psychometric properties (validity and reliability) of the Persian version of the Sustained Auditory Attention Capacity Test in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Methods: The Persian version of the Sustained Auditory Attention Capacity Test was constructed to assess sustained auditory attention using the meth...

The National Center for Literacy Education (NCLE) supports teams of educators in collaborative, inquirybased professional learning. Effective collaborative inquiry teams build sustainable capacity in schools by giving teachers skills, structures, and support systems to continually learn from and refine their shared practice. Both empirical research and international comparisons tell us that inv...

At a time when several studies have highlighted the relationship between sleep, learning and memory processes, an in-depth analysis of the effects of sleep deprivation on student learning ability and academic performance would appear to be essential. Most studies have been naturalistic correlative investigations, where sleep schedules were correlated with school and academic achievement. Noneth...