Anthocyanin is the crucial pigment for coloration of red chrysanthemum flowers, which synthesizes in cytosol and transported to vacuole stable storage. In general, glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) play a vital role this transport. To date, there no functional GST reported chrysanthemums. Here, total 94 CmGSTs were isolated from genome, with phylogenetic analysis suggesting that 16 members them...

In the Republic of Benin, several plants, including Zea mays Linn (Z. mays) are used for treatment diabetes without any scientific studies showing their effectiveness. The objective this study is to investigate effects Z. leaves’ extracts on hyperglycaemic rabbits using Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT), 2 g/kg (D) + glucose and hepatic liberation. Phytochemical screening revealed that plant l...

cold stress is considered as a restricting factor in plant production. recently, many different compounds were applied to minimize the harmful effects of stress. in this study, the effects of foliar application of salicylic acid was studied on some biochemical properties of two different cold resistant canola cultivars. salicylic acid was sprayed at four concentrations (0, 100, 200 and 400 µm) ...

tomato plays an important role in providing vitamins and minerals in human nutrition, it has a great potential in exports. as well as it is an important vegetable due to its variety of vitamins, carotene, useful acids, sugar and minerals play an important role in human health. regarding the fact that tomato is one of the most significant products and its consumption is rising up day after day, ...

Herba epimedii (Epimedium), a traditional Chinese medicine, has been widely used as a kidney tonic and antirheumatic medicine for thousands of years. In Epimedium, flavonoids have been demonstrated to be the main bioactive components (BCs). However, the molecular biosynthetic and regulatory mechanisms of flavonoid-derived BCs remain obscure. In this study, we isolated 12 structural genes and tw...

Under apparently similar field conditions individual plants of Cistus creticus turn transiently red during winter, while neighbouring plants remain green. These two phenotypes provide a suitable system for comparing basic photosynthetic parameters and assessing critically two hypotheses, i.e. anthocyanins afford photoprotection and anthocyanins induce shade characteristics on otherwise exposed ...

Oligomeric proanthocyanidins (PAs) composed primarily of epicatechin units accumulate in the seed coats of the model legume Medicago truncatula, reaching maximal levels at around 20 d after pollination. Genes encoding the single Medicago anthocyanidin synthase (ANS; EC 1.14.11.19) and leucoanthocyanidin reductase (LAR; EC 1.17.1.3) were cloned and the corresponding enzymes functionally identifi...

This work was carried out during the two seasons of 2008 and 2009 aiming to study the effect of different levels of cattle manure and biofertilizers (phosphorein and/or nitrobein) as well as their interactions treatments on the growth, sepals, seed yields and some chemical constituents of roselle plants. The obtained results show that all levels of cattle manure and inoculated biofertilizers an...

Much remains unknown about how transcription factors and sugars regulate phenylpropanoid metabolism in tuber crops like potato (Solanum tuberosum). Based on phylogeny and protein similarity to known regulators of phenylpropanoid metabolism, 15 transcription factors were selected and their expression was compared in white, yellow, red, and purple genotypes with contrasting phenolic and anthocyan...

Anthocyanins and volatile phenylpropenes (isoeugenol and eugenol) in petunia (Petunia hybrida) flowers have the precursor 4-coumaryl coenzyme A (CoA) in common. These phenolics are produced at different stages during flower development. Anthocyanins are synthesized during early stages of flower development and sequestered in vacuoles during the lifespan of the flowers. The production of isoeuge...