This study developed an efficient discharge measurement method that can be applied to estimate the streamflow of natural streams and artificial channels. The conventional methods apply current meters measure are costly, time-consuming, labor-intensive. Owing a shortage observers in for safety hydrologists with advances techniques, many have strongly suggested use non-contact when determining st...

Several possibilities for the use of elastic light scattering in the backscatter range (scattering angle theta(s) > 140 deg) for determination of size, velocity, and refractive index of spherical particles are investigated. First the phase Doppler technique is considered. Numerical simulations of light scattering with the Lorenz-Mie theory are used to show that the phase Doppler technique is un...

Photonic crystal slab line defect waveguides with slightly small innermost holes are theoretically expected to show light transmission with low-group-velocity and low-dispersion (LVLD) characteristics owing to a linear and almost flat photonic band. In this study, the LVLD characteristics of such waveguides were experimentally confirmed by using modulation phase shift measurement and transmissi...

We developed a point-fluorescent-source-based white-light interferometer for high-resolution reflectometry, range-gating imaging, and group-velocity-dispersion measurement. The laser-pumped point fluorescent source has 9 mW of power and a spatial coherence of 0.97, which allows it to be used like a laser beam. Owing to its 40-nm FWHM spectral width, the width of its temporal autocorrelation is ...