I argue that in certain chiral gauge theories composite scalars associated with chiral symmetry breaking can be light (i.e. lighter than naive scaling from QCD would suggest) without any fine-tuning. These scalars will be even lighter in chiral gauge theories that produce chiral symmetry breaking without confinement. I construct a model which demonstrates this last possibility.

Looking forward in 1995, automobile manufacturers identified a potential shift in customer preferences to lighter weight, fuel-efficient automobiles; fuel-cell powered cars; and hybrid gas/electric vehicles. To make existing cars more fuel efficient and to meet the coming needs of alternatively powered vehicles, automobile original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) needed lighter components. These...

The anchoring of lightness perception was tested in simple visual fields composed of only two regions by placing observes inside opaque acrylic hemispheres. Both side-by-side and center/surround configurations were tested. The results, which undermine Gilchrist and Bonato's (1995) recent claim that surrounds tend to appear white, indicate that anchoring involves both relative luminance and rela...

We show that dark matter can be accounted for by an axion solves the strong CP problem, but is much lighter than usual due to a $Z_\mathcal{N}$ symmetry. The whole mass range from canonical QCD down ultra-light regime allowed, with $3\le\mathcal{N}\lesssim65$. This includes first proposal of "fuzzy matter" $m_a\sim10^{-22}$ eV. A novel misalignment mechanism occurs --{\it trapped misalignment}-...

24 Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) mediates energy metabolism and 25 feeding behavior. As a neurotrophin, BDNF promotes neuronal differentiation, 26 survival during early development, adult neurogenesis and neural plasticity; thus 27 there is the potential that BDNF could modify circuits important to eating behavior 28 and energy expenditure. The possibility that " faulty " circuits co...