a study was carried out to evaluate the secondary sexual characteristics of four strains of cocks, comprising of two (2) exotics; bovan nera black (bnb) and isa brown (isb), one (1) improved local strain, shika brown (sb) and one (1) unimproved local strain, normal feathered cock (nfc). a total of 64 birds (16 for each strain) at 36, 38, 40 and 42 weeks were used for the study. the result indic...

the zero-divisor graph of a commutative ring r with respect to nilpotent elements is a simple undirected graph $gamma_n^*(r)$ with vertex set z_n(r)*, and two vertices x and y are adjacent if and only if xy is nilpotent and xy is nonzero, where z_n(r)={x in r: xy is nilpotent, for some y in r^*}. in this paper, we investigate the basic properties of $gamma_n^*(r)$. we discuss when it will be eu...

background: severe abdominal pain is not common after laparoscopic surgeries, but acute or chronic pain after operation is considerable in some patients. post-operative pain control after laparoscopic surgeries, is conventionally achieved using analgesics such as non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (nsaids) and narcotics, but their administration has a lot of side effects. this study compares...

the objective of this study is to develop a novel methodology integrating remote sensing, geographic information system technology and local spatial autocorrelation geo-computation for quick drought assessment. one group of drought indices, based on the condition of the vegetation, includes the normalized difference vegetation index (ndvi), anomaly of normalized difference vegetation index (ndv...

we study local stability of self-gravitating fluid and stellar disk in the context of modified gravity theories which predict a yukawa-like term in the gravitational potential of a point mass. we investigate the effect of such a yukawa-like term on the dynamics of self-gravitating disks. more specifically, we investigate the consequences of the presence of this term for the local stability of t...

let $r$ be a commutative noetherian ring with non-zero identity, $fa$ an ideal of $r$, and $x$ an $r$--module. here, for fixed integers $s, t$ and a finite $fa$--torsion $r$--module $n$, we first study the membership of $ext^{s+t}_{r}(n, x)$ and $ext^{s}_{r}(n, h^{t}_{fa}(x))$ in the serre subcategories of the category of $r$--modules. then, we present some conditions which ensure the exi...

the street garment vendors are playing a significant role in the fields of the economic development through protecting resources (garment products) from such a position where they are treated as wastes; very much less valued products and creating the opportunity for self-employment. this study aimed at showing the economic contribution and the impact of the street vendors to the local community...

introdouction: injection of local anesthesia during dental procedures can induce metabolic changes. the purpose of this study was to evaluate the changes in the serum blood glucose levels after the injection of lidocaine with a vasoconstrictor during tooth extraction. materials and methods: in this clinical trial study, we enrolled 60 patients. we extracted mandibular teeth by using inferior al...

background pain is an important consideration after renal surgery. a multimodal approach to postoperative pain management could enhance analgesia by risking fewer side effects after surgery. objectives the aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical efficacy of the subcutaneous infiltration of ketamine and tramadol at the incision site to reduce postoperative pain. methods sixty-four patient...