This study aims to describe the numeracy of junior high school students in solving AKM geometry and measurement content questions terms multiple intelligences. The research method used is descriptive with a qualitative approach. subjects were three selected by purposive sampling, each whom had linguistic, logical-mathematical, spatial intelligence. instruments are intelligence identification te...

We utilize the situation calculus to develop a logical model of hypertext systems. The work builds upon the earlier work of Bieber and Kimbrough in the logical modeling of hypertext systems. In our presentation, a particular version of the situation calculus (which includes a language for programming complex actions) developed for the modeling of dynamic worlds and for the control of robotic ag...

A processor is proposed for spatially modulated or patterned signals. Two voltage impulses are transmitted along the coupled wires and they are considered as a predicate expression. The developed gates and processor perform the predicate logical operations AND, NOT and OR with these expressions. The designed processor is applicable to the artificial intelligence area especially it will be usefu...

We suggest a tractable algorithm for assigning probabilities to sentences of firstorder logic and updating those probabilities on the basis of observations. The core technical difficulty is relaxing the constraints of logical consistency in a way that is appropriate for bounded reasoners, without sacrificing the ability to make useful logical inferences or update correctly on evidence. Using th...

Textual information is becoming increasingly available in electronic forms. Users need tools to sift through non-relevant information and retrieve only those pieces relevant to their needs. The traditional methods such as Boolean operators and key terms have somehow reached their limitations. An emerging trend is to combine the traditional information retrieval and artificial intelligence techn...

We claim there is a fundamental difference between the way humans handle inconsistency and the way it is currently handled in formal logical systems: To a human, resolving inconsistencies is not necessarily done by “restoring” consistency but by supplying rules telling one how to act when the inconsistency arises. For artificial intelligence there is an urgent need to revise the view that incon...