Breaking bilateral symmetry is critical for vertebrate morphogenesis. In the mouse, directional looping of the heart and rotation of the embryo, the first overt evidence of left/right asymmetry (L/R), are observed at early somite stages ( approximately E8.5) [1, 2]. Activation of a Nodal-Pitx2 regulatory pathway specifically within the left lateral plate mesoderm (LPM) is critical for these eve...

The peritoneal cavity (PerC) is a singular compartment where many cell populations reside and interact. Despite the widely adopted experimental approach of intraperitoneal (i.p.) inoculation, little is known about the behavior of the different cell populations within the PerC. To evaluate the dynamics of peritoneal macrophage (MØ) subsets, namely small peritoneal MØ (SPM) and large peritoneal M...

Left-right (L/R) patterning is crucial for the proper development of all vertebrates and requires asymmetric expression of nodal in the lateral plate mesoderm (LPM). The mechanisms governing asymmetric initiation of nodal have been studied extensively, but because Nodal is a potent activator of its own transcription, it is also crucial to understand the regulation required to maintain this asym...

We have investigated the expression of left/right (L/R) asymmetry markers, nodal and lefty, in the situs inversus mouse mutant Fused toes (Ft). Both genes exhibited bilateral expression in the lateral plate mesoderm (LPM) at developmental stages whereas in wildtype embryos these genes were found to be expressed exclusively in the left LPM. Inspection of tail location and primitive heart tube lo...

Abstract The hydraulic transients are obvious during the operation and adjustment of large-scale district heating (DH) network. Hydraulic transient modeling simulation methods can provide basis for efficient DH In this paper, two models, distributed parameter model (DPM) lumped (LPM), were established Efficient numerical algorithms presented models. proposed DPM LPM both applied to a network si...

sucrose concentration of 60 g/l. Lower amounts of citric acids were found to be produced with other speeds (250-310 rpm).The oxygen flow rate of 1.0 lpm was observed to he most favorable flow rate giving maximum amount of Citric acid (26.6 g/l) with initial sucrose concentration of (60 g/l).. Lower Citric acids were found to be produced with other flow rates (1.5-2.5 lpm).

Intestinal smooth muscle cells (iSMCs) are a crucial component of the adult gastrointestinal tract and support intestinal differentiation, peristalsis and epithelial homeostasis during development. Despite these crucial roles, the origin of iSMCs and the mechanisms responsible for their differentiation and function remain largely unknown in vertebrates. Here, we demonstrate that iSMCs arise fro...

Leftward fluid flow in the mouse node is generated by cilia and is critical for initiating asymmetry of the left-right axis. Coiled-coil domain containing-40 (Ccdc40) plays an evolutionarily conserved role in the assembly of motile cilia and establishment of the left-right axis. Approximately one-third of Ccdc40lnks mutant embryos display situs defects and here we investigate the underlying mec...

This review focuses on the detailed characterization of proton and metal reactivity on the surface of bacteriogenic iron oxides (BIOS). This substance is composed of a highly porous matrix of ferrihydrite intermixed with intact and fragmented Gallionella ferruguinea cells. Studies concerning proton and metal cation binding to the BIOS were designed to assess their surface chemical heterogeneity...

The spectrum and the circular polarization of radiation from longitudinally polarized high-energy electrons in oriented single crystal are considered using the method which permits inseparable consideration of both the coherent and the incoherent mechanisms of photon emission. The spectral and polarization properties of radiation are obtained and analyzed. It is found that in some part of spect...