Structural engineering design is replete with uncertainties, some of which are obvious and some of which many engineers may never have considered. This paper is an examination of the uncertainties facing structural engineers and the ways that engineers have developed to handle those uncertainties. Uncertainty can be separated into two categories: Aleatory, related to luck or chance, and epistem...

This paper presents the results of a fundamental study to expand the applicability of the current AASHTO LRFD Bridge Design Specifications for concrete strength up to 18 ksi for reinforced and prestressed concrete members in flexure and compression. A total of 321 specimens were tested to determine the material properties of three high-strength concrete mixtures having target compressive concre...

The Cuckoo search algorithm is a recent addition to metaheuristic techniques. It simulates the breeding behaviour of certain cuckoo species into a numerical optimization technique. Cuckoo birds lay their eggs in the nests of other host birds so that their chicks when hatched can be nurtured by the host birds. The optimum design algorithm presented for moment resisting steel frames is based on t...

This paper proposes the binary comprehensive learning particle swarm optimization (BCLPSO) method to determine optimal design for nonlinear steel structures, adopting standard member sizes. The complies with AISC-LRFD specifications. Moreover, sizes and layouts of cross-brace members, appended frames, are simultaneously optimized. Processing this is as challenging directly solving integer progr...

Dalam pekerjaan konstruksi, perubahan desain awal sampai akhir pembangunan akan selalu terjadi desain. Perubahan dapat akibat gaya-gaya karena fungsi lantai oleh permintaan pemilik (owner) atau kondisi dinilai pihak pelaksana untuk dilakukan efisiensi dan percepatan kecepatan pelaksanaan pekerjaan. Pada skripsi ini menyampaikan alternatif kolom utama menggunakan beton mengalami kendala sehubung...

The Banten Provincial Agriculture Office aims to repurpose an existing storage warehouse into a packaging and production facility for food products. This study focuses on assessing the structural performance of building determining its suitability new functions. Utilizing Load Resistance Factor Design (LRFD) method, strength current structure is evaluated under anticipated loads. analysis revea...

Buried culverts have been in service more than half a century and their age raises questions about reliable serviceability for the new standard vehicles. The gross weight axle spacing of these trucks play an important role on performance buried where culvert is covered with shallow fill heights. Field live load tests were conducted by driving loaded truck over some at slow speed while recording...

Since the 19th century, portal frames have been used to build industrial buildings because development process is fast, economical, and efficient. This research aims look at cross-section of structural elements in BS 5950-1:2000 spans 15 m 40 using SNI 1726:2019 with modal analysis, including horizontal deflection stress ratio, LRFD ASD methods. Then, structure was revised be safe against earth...