Changes in peroxidase (POD), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) activities were studied during Chimonanthus praecox seed maturation. According to our findings the protein content increased steadily from 8 to 12 weeks after flowering, and thereafter decreased significantly. Similarly, SOD and POD activities increased gradually up to 12 weeks after fl...

Stored cut lettuce gradually turns brown on the cut section after several days of storage, because cutting induces phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) activity, the biosynthesis of polyphenol is promoted, and the polyphenols are oxidized by polyphenol oxidase. In this study, we screened for inhibitors of PAL derived from fermented broths of microbes and from foods and found that a cinnamon extrac...

The effects of increasing NaCl concentrations on biomass, superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT), and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) in Jatropha curcas L. seedlings were investigated. The fresh weights of cotyledons and radicles with increasing NaCl concentrations decreased progressively, and the fresh weight of hypocotyls reached the lowest level at NaCl concentration ...

The psoralen compounds, xanthotoxin and 4,5', 8-trimethylpsoralen, when activated, increased phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) activity and the synthesis of pisatin in excised pea pods. Pods presoaked 1 hr with 4,5',8-trimethylpsoralen and then irradiated 4 minutes with 366 nanometer ultraviolet light had twice as much PAL activity 3 hours after irradiation and 12 times as much PAL activity 20 ...

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) species and/or phosphorus addition in the soil can affect secondary metabolism production and growth plants. This study evaluated these effects on Piper divaricatum culture, which presents an essential oil rich phenylpropanoids. Growth parameters, leaf volatile composition, total phenolic content, enzymatic activity of lipoxygenase (LOX) phenylalanine ammonia-...

A cycloheximide-sensitive increase in the activity of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (EC 4.3.1.5) occurs in Xanthium leaf disks exposed to light. Radioactive ammonia-lyase has been isolated by means of sucrose density gradient centrifugation and starch gel electrophoresis from disks fed l-isoleucine-U-(14)C or l-arginine-U-(14)C. The incorporation of radioactive amino acids into phenylalanine ammo...

Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) is an important enzyme in both plant development and pathogen defense. In all plants it is encoded by a multi-gene family, ranging in copy number from four in Arabidopsis to a dozen or more copies in some higher plants. Many studies indicate that alternate genes are differentially regulated in response to environmental stimuli. In this study, Southern blot and ...

Ultraviolet B (UV-B) irradiation has been demonstrated to play a synergistic effect with wounding in enhancing the accumulation of phenolic antioxidants carrots. However, little is known about molecular mechanisms UV-B treatment on wounded In this study, carrots were exposed different doses light, then stored at 15 °C for 2 d. The results showed that content compounds 1 KJ m?2 UV-B–treated samp...

Parasitic helminth neuromuscular function is a proven target for chemotherapeutic control. Although neuropeptide signalling plays a key role in helminth motor function, it has not yet provided targets for known anthelmintics. The majority of biologically active neuropeptides display a C-terminal amide (NH(2)) motif, generated exclusively by the sequential action of two enzymes, peptidylglycine ...

linum album l. is containing pharmaceutical composition podophyllotoxin(ptox) which is currently being used as a precursor to semi-synthetic anticancer drugs etoposide, teniposide and etopophos. cell culture is as an important source for the production of ptox. several strategies, including treatment with elicitors have shown for enhanced production of secondary metabolites in cell culture syst...