This study aimed to determine the occurrence of Mycobacterium avium complex and other nontuberculous mycobacteria in drinking-water in Basra governorate, Iraq and their susceptibility to several antibiotics and the effect of 0.5 mg/L of chlorine on their survival. A total of 404 samples of drinking-water were collected from 33 different districts of the governorate from November 2006 to August ...

Immunological diagnosis of Mycobacterium bovis infection of cattle is often confounded by cross-reactive responses resulting from exposure to other mycobacterial species, especially Mycobacterium avium. Early secretory antigenic target 6 (ESAT-6) and culture filtrate protein 10 (CFP-10) are dominant gamma interferon (IFN-gamma)-inducing antigens of tuberculous mycobacteria, and they are absent ...

HIGHLIGHTS A multiplex PCR to identifying mycobacteria of medical interest was evaluated. Mycobacterium tuberculosis can be differentiated from other with the assay. The assay showed high sensitivity and specificity in detecting M. avium complex.

Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis and Mycobacterium avium subsp. avium are antigenically and genetically similar organisms; however, they differ in their virulence for cattle. M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis causes a chronic intestinal infection leading to a chronic wasting disease termed paratuberculosis or Johne's disease, whereas M. avium subsp. avium causes only a transient infec...

During the period 1979-1982, 70 strains of atypical mycobacteria isolated from clinical material were identified as belonging to species or species complex. Twenty-eight out of 61 strains isolated from pulmonary specimens were identified as M. avium-intracellulare. This frequency of association of M. avium-intracellulare with sputa of patients with pulmonary symptoms points to its potential imp...

Isolates of Mycobacterium avium complex from five patients on longterm (3-5 yrs) anti-mycobacterial drug treatment were collected during the early and late phase of disease, and studied in vitro for their susceptibility to anti-mycobacterial drugs and drug-combinations. All isolates were resistant or moderately resistant to ethambutol, rifampicin and streptomycin when given singly; however, all...

The effectiveness of two major UV technologies against a highly prevalent species of Mycobacterium avium complex was investigated. Our study indicates that M. avium is much more resistant to UV irradiation than most waterborne pathogens and that it is one of the rare microorganisms that are highly resistant to both chemical and UV disinfection in water.

Encouraged by in vitro results, we have assessed the in vivo activity of paromomycin (PRM) against Mycobacterium tuberculosis, multidrug-resistant (MDR) M. tuberculosis (resistant to isoniazid, rifampin, and streptomycin), and Mycobacterium avium complex in C57BL/6 mice and their beige counterparts. In all these experiments, PRM was effective in preventing mortality from a mycobacterial infecti...

Mycobacterium avium-M. intracellulare is a frequent cause of late disseminated infection in patients with AIDS. The ability of human peripheral blood monocytes to phagocytose and kill M. avium was examined in an in vitro model. Monocytes were obtained from 13 healthy volunteers and 11 patients with AIDS, three of whom had documented disseminated M. avium infection. Monocytes were precultured fo...

A simple, modified formation for urea broth gave consistent, reliable results to aid in the differentiation of Mycobacterium species. In a study of 1,346 isolates representing 17 different species, tests read after 7 days were distinct and reproducible. The use of this test facilitates the identification of Mycobacterium species, such as M. scrofulaceum, the M. avium complex, the M. terrae comp...